Š-L-M


-Lamedh-Mem is the triconsonantal root of many Semitic words, and many of those words are used as names. The root meaning translates to "whole, safe, intact, unharmed, to go free, without blemish". Its earliest known form is in the name of Shalim, the ancient god of dusk of Ugarit. Derived from this are meanings of "to be safe, secure, at peace", hence "well-being, health" and passively "to be secured, pacified, submitted".
Arabic salām, Maltese sliem, Hebrew Shalom, Ge'ez sälam, Syriac šlama are cognate Semitic terms for 'peace', deriving from a Proto-Semitic .
Given names derived from the same root include Solomon, Absalom, Selim, Salem, Salim, Salma, Salmah, Salman, Selimah, Shelimah, Salome, etc.
Arabic, Hebrew, and Aramaic have cognate expressions meaning 'peace be upon you' used as a greeting:
In the Amarna letters, a few of the 382 letters discuss the exchange of "peace gifts", greeting-gifts between the Pharaoh and the other ruler involving the letter. Examples are Zita, and Tushratta of Mitanni. Also, Kadashman-Enlil of Babylon,.
Šalām is also used in letter introductions to state the authors' health: for example, letter EA19, with 85 lines, from Tushratta to Pharaoh states:
The robot occurs in the Akkadian original:
The Arabic word salām is used in a variety of expressions and contexts in Arabic and Islamic speech and writing. "Al-Salām" is one of the 99 names of God in Islam, and also a male given name in conjunction with ʻabd. ʻAbd al-Salām translates to 'Slave of Peace', i.e. of Allah.
In Maltese:
The word إسلام ʾislām is a verbal noun derived from s-l-m, meaning "submission", which may be interpreted as humility. "One who submits" is signified by the participle مسلم, Muslim.
The word is given a number of meanings in the Qur'an. In some verses, the quality of Islam as an internal conviction is stressed: "Whomsoever God desires to guide, He expands his breast to Islam." Other verses connect islām and dīn : "Today, I have perfected your religion for you; I have completed My blessing upon you; I have approved Islam for your religion." Still others describe Islam as an action of returning to God—more than just a verbal affirmation of faith.

Given names

The Koine Greek New Testament text uses eirēnē for 'peace', which perhaps represents Jesus saying šlama; this Greek form became the northern feminine name Irene. In the Epistles, it often occurs alongside the usual Greek greeting chairein in the phrase 'grace and peace'. However, comparison of the Greek Septuagint and Hebrew Masoretic Old Testament texts shows some instances where shalom was translated instead as soteria.
In Hebrew:
In Aramaic: