1090s in England

Incumbents

Events

• 1090
• * After buying the allegiance of several local barons, King William II takes control of eastern Normandy.
• 1091
• * 2 February – William II invades western Normandy.
• * July – Malcolm III of Scotland invades England reaching as far as Durham.
• * 23 October – London Tornado of 1091: A T8/F4 tornado is recorded in London, which destroys London Bridge and badly damages St Mary-le-Bow church.
• * Treaty of Caen signed by King William II of England and his brother Robert II, Duke of Normandy, dividing Normandy between them.
• * William and Robert jointly invade Scotland. King Malcolm III submits.
• 1092
• * May – William II annexes Cumbria from the Scottish Celtic kingdom of Strathclyde and builds Carlisle Castle.
• * 9 May – Lincoln Cathedral consecrated.
• * 18 October – Walcher of Malvern correctly predicts the time of a lunar eclipse.
• * High tides cause great flooding in Britain. The Kentish lands of Earl Godwin are inundated, becoming known as the Goodwin Sands.
• 1093
• * 6 March – The Frankish monk, philosopher and theologian Anselm is nominated as Archbishop of Canterbury; he is consecrated on 4 December.
• * 8 April – construction of Winchester Cathedral by Bishop Walkelin is completed.
• * 11 August – construction of Durham Cathedral begins.
• * 13 November – King Malcolm III of Scotland is killed at the Battle of Alnwick during an attempted invasion of England.
• * Normans occupy southern Wales, constructing Cardiff and Pembroke Castles.
• 1094
• * February – William II and Anselm quarrel about investiture and the overlordship of Church lands.
• * 19 March – William II unsuccessfully invades Normandy.
• * Welsh expel the Marcher Lords and destroy all Norman strongholds in Wales, except Pembroke Castle.
• 1095
• * January – Robert de Mowbray, Earl of Northumberland, rebels. William II captures Newcastle upon Tyne and Bamburgh, ending the revolt.
• * 25 February – a council at Rockingham is held to resolve the dispute between Anselm and William II, but fails to do so.
• * May – Papal legate forces a reconciliation between William II and Anselm.
• 1096
• * Teaching at what will become the University of Oxford is recorded.
• * King William II takes control of the Duchy of Normandy while his brother Robert II, Duke of Normandy is on the First Crusade.
• * Construction of Norwich Cathedral begun. Herbert de Losinga, first Bishop of Norwich, establishes a Benedictine priory at Norwich and, shortly afterwards, an episcopal grammar school, Norwich School.
• 1097
• * October – Edgar Ætheling overthrows Donald III of Scotland and places his nephew Edgar on the Scottish throne.
• * 8 November – Anselm leaves England following disagreements with William II.
• * Construction of Westminster Hall.
• 1098
• * June or July – in the Battle of Anglesey Sound, a fleet led by Magnus Barefoot, King of Norway, reverses an Anglo-Norman invasion of north Wales.
• 1099
• * 11 November – flooding of Mount's Bay, Cornwall.

  Births

• 1095
• *Hugh Bigod, 1st Earl of Norfolk
• 1096
• * King Stephen of England

  Deaths

• 1092
• * 7 May – Remigius de Fécamp, Bishop of Lincoln
• 1094
• * 21 November – Simeon, Abbot of Ely
• 1095
• * 19 January – Wulfstan, Bishop of Worcester
• * 26 June – Robert the Lotharingian, Bishop of Hereford
• 1096
• * 2 January – William de St-Calais, Bishop of Durham and counsellor of William II
• 1097
• * January/February – Odo, Earl of Kent
• * c. 1097/8 – Baldwin, Abbot of Bury St Edmunds and royal doctor
• 1098
• * 3 January – Walkelin, Bishop of Winchester
• 1099
• * 3 December – Saint Osmund, Bishop of Salisbury and Lord Chancellor