Constituted 1 March 1809 as the Volunteer Militia of Illinois Territory and organized thereafter as independent companies
Mustered into federal service 18 February 1813 as the Regiment of Illinois Territory Militia; mustered out of federal service 16 June 1813 and elements reverted to independent status in the Illinois Territory Militia
Reorganized and mustered into federal service 19 June 1831 as Duncan’s Brigade, to include the following units from central and southern Illinois:
Mustered out of federal service 2 July 1831 at Rock Island and elements reverted to independent status in the Illinois Militia
Reorganized and mustered into federal service 30 April 1832 as Whiteside’s Brigade, to include five regiments of Illinois Mounted Volunteers.
Mustered out of federal service 28 May 1832 at the mouth of the Fox River; veterans concurrently reorganized and mustered into federal service as Colonel Jacob Fry’s Regiment of Illinois Volunteer Militia; mustered out of federal service 15 June 1832 at Ottawa.
Major Bailey’s Odd Battalion and Major Buckmaster’s Battalion of Spies mustered into federal service 20 June 1832; mustered out of federal service 13 August 1832 at Fort Walker, Illinois
Reorganized as the 1st, 2d, 3d, and 4th Regiments, Illinois Volunteer Militia, and mustered into federal service 30 June – 4 July 1846 at Alton, Illinois, and Jefferson Barracks, Missouri
1st and 2d Regiments mustered out of federal service 17–18 June 1847 at Camargo, Mexico; 3d and 4th Regiments mustered out of federal service 25–29 May 1847 at New Orleans, Louisiana
Reorganized as the 7th, 8th, 9th, and 10th Regiments, Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and mustered into federal service 25–29 April 1861 at Springfield and Cairo
Mustered out of federal service 25–26 July 1861 at Cairo; concurrently reorganized and mustered into federal service at Cairo
10th Regiment mustered out of federal service 4 July 1865 at Louisville, Kentucky; 7th and 9th Regiments mustered out of federal service 9 July 1865 at Louisville, Kentucky; 8th Regiment mustered out of federal service 4 May 1866 at Baton Rouge, Louisiana
Reorganized 1874-1875 in the Illinois Militia as independent companies
Companies in central and southern Illinois consolidated 21 December 1875 to form the 5th Infantry Regiment
Reorganized 1881-1882 as the 5th and 8th Infantry Regiments
5th Infantry Regiment mustered into federal service 4–9 May 1898 at Springfield as the 5th Illinois Volunteer Infantry; mustered out of federal service 16 October 1898 at Atlanta, Georgia, and reverted to state status as the 5th Infantry
4th Infantry Regiment mustered into federal service 19–20 May 1898 at Springfield as the 4th Illinois Volunteer Infantry; mustered out of federal service 2 May 1899 at Atlanta, Georgia, and reverted to state status as the 4th Infantry
4th Infantry mustered into federal service 27 June 1916; mustered out of federal service 15 March 1917 at Fort Sheridan, Illinois
4th and 5th Infantry drafted into federal service 5 August 1917. Former 4th and 5th Infantry reorganized as federal and redesignated 12 October 1917 as the 130th Infantry and the 123d Machine Gun Battalion, respectively, elements of the 33rd Infantry
Relieved 5 July 1946 from assignment to the 33d Infantry Division and assigned to the 44th Infantry Division
Reorganized and federally recognized 27 March 1947 in the Illinois National Guard with headquarters at Danville.
Ordered into active federal service 15 February 1952 at home stations; released 10 October 1954 from active federal service and reverted to state control; concurrently relieved from assignment to the 44th Infantry Division
Consolidated 1 December 1954 with the 132d Infantry, and consolidated unit designated as the 130th Infantry, with headquarters at Carbondale, and assigned to the 33d Infantry Division
Reorganized 1 March 1959 as a parent regiment under the Combat Arms Regimental System to consist of the 1st and 2d Battle Groups, elements of the 33d Infantry Division
Reorganized 1 April 1963 to consist of the 1st, 2d, and 3d Battalions, elements of the 33d Infantry Division
Reorganized 1 February 1968 to consist of the 2d and 3d Battalions, elements of the 47th Infantry Division
Withdrawn 5 February 1987 from the Combat Arms Regimental System and reorganized under the United States Army Regimental System with headquarters at Urbana
Reorganized 10 February 1991 to consist of the 2d and 3d Battalions, elements of the 34th Infantry Division
Reorganized 1 October 1996 to consist of the 2d Battalion, an element of the 35th Infantry Division.
Ordered into active federal service 5 January 2005 at home stations; released from active federal service 1 September 2006 and reverted to state control; concurrently, relieved from assignment to the 35th Infantry Division and assigned to the 33d Infantry Brigade Combat Team
Redesignated 1 October 2005 as the 130th Infantry Regiment
Distinctive Unit Insignia
Description
A Gold color metal and enamel device 1 1/8 inches in height overall consisting of a shield blazoned: Argent, a fess Gules of the first and Vert fesswise between, in chief two arrows Or saltirewise behind a Black hawk and in base a fleur-de-lis of the second, overall a saltire Azure. Attached below the shield a Gold scroll inscribed "ALWAYS READY" in Black letters.
Symbolism
The shield is white, the old Infantry color. Service in the Black Hawk War is symbolized by the Black Hawk and the two red arrows, service in the Mexican War by the horizontal belt across the shield of red, white and green, the colors of the Mexican flag. The Civil War service is indicated by the blue saltire cross from the Confederate flag. The service in France during World War I is indicated by the fleur-de-lis.
Argent, a fess Gules of the first and Vert fesswise between, in chief two arrows of the second saltirewise behind a Black hawk Proper and in base a fleur-de-lis of the second, overall a saltire Azure.
Crest
That for the regiments and separate battalions of the Illinois Army National Guard: On a wreath Argent and Azure, upon a grassy field the blockhouse of old Fort Dearborn Proper. Motto: ALWAYS READY.
Symbolism
Shield
The shield is white, the old Infantry color. Service in the Black Hawk War is symbolized by the Black Hawk and the two red arrows, service in the Mexican War by the horizontal belt across the shield of red, white and green, the colors of the Mexican flag. The Civil War service is indicated by the blue saltire cross from the Confederate flag. The service in France during World War I is indicated by the fleur-de-lis.
