13th United States Congress
The 13th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1813, to March 4, 1815, during the fifth and sixth years of James Madison's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Third Census of the United States in 1810. Both chambers had a Democratic-Republican majority. The first two sessions were held at the Capitol building while the third, convened after the Burning of Washington, took place in the First Patent Building.
Major events
- September 10, 1813: War of 1812: Battle of Lake Erie
- October 5, 1813: War of 1812: Battle of the Thames
- March 27, 1814: Creek War: Battle of Horseshoe Bend
- July 25, 1814: War of 1812: Battle of Lundy's Lane
- August 25, 1814: War of 1812: Burning of Washington
- September 11, 1814: War of 1812: Battle of Lake Champlain
- September 13, 1814: War of 1812: Bombardment of Fort McHenry at Baltimore
- November 7, 1814: War of 1812: Forces under Gen. Andrew Jackson seized Pensacola
- November 23, 1814: Vice President Elbridge Gerry died
- December 15, 1814: Hartford Convention convened through January 5, 1815, in which New England Federalists met to discuss their grievances concerning the ongoing War of 1812 and the political problems arising from the federal government's increasing power. Despite radical outcries among Federalists for New England secession and a separate peace with Great Britain, moderates outnumbered them and extreme proposals were not a major focus of the debate.
- December 24, 1814: War of 1812: Treaty of Ghent signed
- January 8, 1815: War of 1812: Battle of New Orleans
Major legislation
Treaties ratified
- February 17, 1815: War of 1812: Senate ratified the Treaty of Ghent,
Party summary
Senate
House of Representatives
Following the 1810 census, the size of the House was increased to 182 seats from 142.Leadership
Senate
- President: Elbridge Gerry, until November 23, 1814; thereafter vacant.
- President pro tempore: William H. Crawford, March 4, 1813 – March 23, 1813
- * Joseph B. Varnum, December 6, 1813 – February 3, 1814
- * John Gaillard, from November 25, 1814
House of Representatives
- Speaker: Henry Clay, until January 19, 1814
- * Langdon Cheves,, from January 19, 1814
Members
Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1814; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1816; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1818.[List of [United States Senators from Connecticut|Connecticut]]
- 1. Samuel W. Dana
- 3. Chauncey Goodrich, until May 13, 1813
- * David Daggett, from May 13, 1813
Delaware">List of United States Senators from Delaware">Delaware
- 1. Outerbridge Horsey
- 2. William H. Wells, from May 28, 1813
Georgia">List of United States Senators from Georgia">Georgia
- 2. William H. Crawford, until March 23, 1813
- * William B. Bulloch, April 8, 1813 – November 6, 1813
- * William W. Bibb, from November 6, 1813
- 3. Charles Tait
Kentucky">List of United States Senators from Kentucky">Kentucky
- 2. George M. Bibb, until August 23, 1814
- * George Walker, August 30, 1814 – December 16, 1814
- * William T. Barry, from December 16, 1814
- 3. Jesse Bledsoe, until December 24, 1814
- * Isham Talbot, from February 2, 1815
Louisiana">List of United States Senators from Louisiana">Louisiana
- 2. James Brown
- 3. Eligius Fromentin
Maryland">List of United States Senators from Maryland">Maryland
- 1. Samuel Smith
- 3. Robert H. Goldsborough, from May 21, 1813
Massachusetts">List of United States Senators from Massachusetts">Massachusetts
- 1. James Lloyd, until May 1, 1813
- * Christopher Gore, from May 5, 1813
- 2. Joseph Bradley Varnum
New Hampshire">List of United States Senators from New Hampshire">New Hampshire
- 2. Nicholas Gilman, until May 2, 1814
- * Thomas W. Thompson, from June 24, 1814
- 3. Charles Cutts, April 2, 1813 – June 10, 1813
- * Jeremiah Mason, from June 10, 1813
New Jersey">List of United States Senators from New Jersey">New Jersey
- 1. John Lambert
- 2. John Condit
New York">List of United States Senators from New York">New York
- 1. Obadiah German
- 3. Rufus King
North Carolina">List of United States Senators from North Carolina">North Carolina
- 2. James Turner
- 3. David Stone, until December 24, 1814
- * Francis Locke, Jr., from sometime thereafter
Ohio">List of United States Senators from Ohio">Ohio
- 1. Thomas Worthington, until December 1, 1814
- * Joseph Kerr, from December 10, 1814
- 3. Jeremiah Morrow
Pennsylvania">List of United States Senators from Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania
- 1. Michael Leib, until February 14, 1814
- * Jonathan Roberts, from February 24, 1814
- 3. Abner Lacock
Rhode Island">List of United States Senators from Rhode Island">Rhode Island
- 1. William Hunter
- 2. Jeremiah B. Howell
South Carolina">List of United States Senators from South Carolina">South Carolina
- 2. John Taylor
- 3. John Gaillard
Tennessee">List of United States Senators from Tennessee">Tennessee
- 1. Joseph Anderson
- 2. George W. Campbell, until February 11, 1814
- * Jesse Wharton, from March 17, 1814
Vermont">List of United States Senators from Vermont">Vermont
- 1. Jonathan Robinson
- 3. Dudley Chase
Virginia">List of United States Senators from Virginia">Virginia
- 1. Richard Brent, until December 30, 1814
- * James Barbour, from January 2, 1815
- 2. William B. Giles, until March 3, 1815
House of Representatives
[List of [United States Representatives from Connecticut|Connecticut]]
All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.- . Epaphroditus Champion
- . John Davenport
- . Lyman Law
- . Jonathan O. Moseley
- . Timothy Pitkin
- . Lewis B. Sturges
- . Benjamin Tallmadge
Delaware">List of United States Representatives from Delaware">Delaware
- . Thomas Cooper
- . Henry M. Ridgely
Georgia">List of United States Representatives from Georgia">Georgia
- . William Barnett
- . William W. Bibb, until November 6, 1813
- * Alfred Cuthbert, from December 13, 1813
- . John Forsyth
- . Bolling Hall
- . Thomas Telfair
- . George Troup
Kentucky">List of United States Representatives from Kentucky">Kentucky
- . James Clark
- . Henry Clay, until January 19, 1814
- * Joseph H. Hawkins, from March 29, 1814
- . Richard M. Johnson
- . Joseph Desha
- . Samuel Hopkins
- . Solomon P. Sharp
- . Samuel McKee
- . Stephen Ormsby, from April 20, 1813
- . Thomas Montgomery
- . William P. Duval
Louisiana">List of United States Representatives from Louisiana">Louisiana
- . Thomas B. Robertson
Maryland">List of United States Representatives from Maryland">Maryland
- . Philip Stuart
- . Joseph Kent
- . Alexander C. Hanson
- . Samuel Ringgold
- . Alexander McKim
- . Nicholas R. Moore
- . Stevenson Archer
- . Robert Wright
- . Charles Goldsborough
Massachusetts">List of United States Representatives from Massachusetts">Massachusetts
- . Artemas Ward, Jr.
- . William Reed
- . Timothy Pickering
- . William M. Richardson, until April 18, 1814
- * Samuel Dana, from September 22, 1814
- . William Ely
- . Samuel Taggart
- . William Baylies
- . John Reed, Jr.
- . Laban Wheaton
- . Elijah Brigham
- . Abijah Bigelow
- . Daniel Dewey, until February 24, 1814
- * John W. Hulbert, from November 2, 1814
- . Nathaniel Ruggles
- . Cyrus King
- . George Bradbury
- . Samuel Davis
- . Abiel Wood
- . John Wilson
- . James Parker
- . Levi Hubbard
New Hampshire">List of United States Representatives from New Hampshire">New Hampshire
- . Bradbury Cilley
- . William Hale
- . Samuel Smith
- . Roger Vose
- . Daniel Webster
- . Jeduthun Wilcox
New Jersey">List of United States Representatives from New Jersey">New Jersey
- . Lewis Condict
- . Thomas Ward
- . James Schureman
- . Richard Stockton
- . William Coxe, Jr.
- . Jacob Hufty, until May 20, 1814
- * Thomas Bines, from November 2, 1814
New York">List of United States Representatives from New York">New York
- . John Lefferts
- . Ebenezer Sage
- . Egbert Benson, until August 2, 1813
- * William Irving, from January 22, 1814
- . Jotham Post, Jr.
- . Peter Denoyelles
- . Thomas J. Oakley
- . Thomas P. Grosvenor
- . Jonathan Fisk
- . Abraham J. Hasbrouck
- . Samuel Sherwood
- . John Lovett
- . Hosea Moffitt
- . John W. Taylor
- . Zebulon R. Shipherd
- . Elisha I. Winter
- . Alexander Boyd
- . Jacob Markell
- . John M. Bowers, from June 21, 1813 until December 20, 1813
- * Isaac Williams, Jr., from January 24, 1814
- . Joel Thompson
- . Morris S. Miller
- . William S. Smith
- . Moss Kent
- . James Geddes
- . Daniel Avery
- . Oliver C. Comstock
- . Samuel M. Hopkins
- . Nathaniel W. Howell
North Carolina">List of United States Representatives from North Carolina">North Carolina
- . William H. Murfree
- . Willis Alston
- . William Kennedy
- . William Gaston
- . William R. King
- . Nathaniel Macon
- . John Culpepper
- . Richard Stanford
- . Bartlett Yancey
- . Joseph Pearson
- . Peter Forney
- . Israel Pickens
- . Meshack Franklin
Ohio">List of United States Representatives from Ohio">Ohio
- . John McLean
- . John Alexander
- . William Creighton, Jr., from May 4, 1813
- . James Caldwell
- . James Kilbourne
- . Reasin Beall, from April 20, 1813, until June 7, 1814
- * David Clendenin, from October 11, 1814
Pennsylvania">List of United States Representatives from Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania
- . William Anderson
- . John Conard
- . Charles J. Ingersoll
- . Adam Seybert
- . Roger Davis
- . Jonathan Roberts, until February 24, 1814
- * Samuel Henderson, from October 11, 1814
- . John Gloninger, until August 2, 1813
- * Edward Crouch, from October 12, 1813
- . James Whitehill, until September 1, 1814
- * Amos Slaymaker, from October 11, 1814
- . Hugh Glasgow
- . William Crawford
- . Robert Whitehill, until April 8, 1813
- * John Rea, from May 11, 1813
- . Robert Brown
- . Samuel D. Ingham
- . John M. Hyneman, until August 2, 1813
- * Daniel Udree, from October 12, 1813
- . William Piper
- . David Bard
- . Jared Irwin
- . Isaac Smith
- . William Findley
- . Aaron Lyle
- . Isaac Griffin, from May 24, 1813
- . Adamson Tannehill
- . Thomas Wilson, from May 14, 1813
Rhode Island">List of United States Representatives from Rhode Island">Rhode Island
- . Richard Jackson, Jr.
- . Elisha R. Potter
South Carolina">List of United States Representatives from South Carolina">South Carolina
- . Langdon Cheves
- . William Lowndes
- . Theodore Gourdin
- . John J. Chappell
- . David R. Evans
- . John C. Calhoun
- . Elias Earle
- . Samuel Farrow
- . John Kershaw
Tennessee">List of United States Representatives from Tennessee">Tennessee
- . John Rhea
- . John Sevier
- . Thomas K. Harris
- . John H. Bowen
- . Felix Grundy, until July 1814
- * Newton Cannon, from September 16, 1814
- . Parry W. Humphreys
Vermont">List of United States Representatives from Vermont">Vermont
- . William C. Bradley
- . Ezra Butler
- . James Fisk
- . Charles Rich
- . Richard Skinner
- . William Strong
Virginia">List of United States Representatives from Virginia">Virginia
- . John G. Jackson
- . Francis White
- . John Smith
- . William McCoy
- . James Breckinridge
- . Daniel Sheffey
- . Hugh Caperton
- . Joseph Lewis, Jr.
- . John P. Hungerford
- . Aylett Hawes
- . John Dawson, until March 31, 1814
- * Philip P. Barbour, from September 19, 1814
- . John Roane
- . Thomas M. Bayly
- . William A. Burwell
- . John Kerr
- . John W. Eppes
- . James Pleasants
- . Thomas Gholson, Jr.
- . Peterson Goodwyn
- . James Johnson
- . Thomas Newton, Jr.
- . Hugh Nelson
- . John Clopton
Non-voting delegates
- . Shadrach Bond, until August 2, 1813
- * Benjamin Stephenson, from November 14, 1814
- . Jonathan Jennings
- . William Lattimore
- . Edward Hempstead, until September 17, 1814
- * Rufus Easton, from September 17, 1814
Changes in membership
Senate
- replacements: 9
- * Democratic-Republicans: 2 seat net loss
- * Federalists: 2 seat net gain
- deaths: 2
- resignations: 10
- interim appointments: 3
- vacancies: 3
- Total seats with changes: 15
House of Representatives
- replacements: 13
- * Democratic-Republicans: 17-seat net gain
- * Federalists: 2-seat net loss
- deaths: 6
- resignations: 13
- contested election: 1
- vacancies: 4
- Total seats with changes: 19
Committees
Senate
- Army Supply Contracts
- Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate
- Engrossed Bills
- National University
- Whole
House of Representatives
- Accounts
- Banks of the District of Columbia
- Claims
- Commerce and Manufactures
- District of Columbia
- Elections
- Judiciary
- Pensions and Revolutionary War Claims
- Post Office and Post Roads
- Public Expenditures
- Public Lands
- Revisal and Unfinished Business
- Rules
- Standards of Official Conduct
- Ways and Means
- Whole
Joint committees
- Enrolled Bills
- The Library
Employees
- Librarian of Congress: Patrick Magruder
Senate
- Chaplain: John Brackenridge, until September 27, 1814
- * Jesse Lee, Methodist, elected September 27, 1814
- Secretary: Samuel A. Otis, until April 22, 1814
- * Charles Cutts, elected October 12, 1814
- Sergeant at Arms: Mountjoy Bayly
House of Representatives
- Chaplain: Jesse Lee, until September 27, 1814
- * Obadiah B. Brown, elected September 27, 1814
- Clerk: Patrick Magruder, until January 30, 1815
- * Thomas Dougherty, elected January 30, 1815
- Doorkeeper: Thomas Claxton
- Reading Clerks:
- Sergeant at Arms: Thomas Dunn