1650 in England

Incumbents

• Parliament – First Commonwealth Rump

  Events

• 1 May – claimant King Charles II of England signs the Treaty of Breda with the Scottish Covenanters.
• 17 May – a quarter of the New Model Army at the Siege of Clonmel in Ireland is trapped and killed.
• 26 May – Oliver Cromwell leaves Ireland, occasioning Andrew Marvell's An Horatian Ode upon Cromwell's Return from Ireland.
• May – Commonwealth Act imposes the death penalty on men and women for adultery and incest, and three months' imprisonment for fornication, the only time since the twelfth century when adultery has been outlawed in secular statute law.
• 23 June – Charles arrives in Scotland where he signs the Covenant.
• 13 August – Colonel George Monck forms Monck's Regiment of Foot, forerunner of the Coldstream Guards.
• 3 September – Oliver Cromwell is victorious over the Scottish Covenanters at the Battle of Dunbar.
• 29 September – Henry Robinson opens his Office of Addresses and Encounters, a form of employment exchange, in Threadneedle Street, London.
• 30 October – the Religious Society of Friends acquires the nickname "Quakers" when the judge at George Fox's blasphemy trial says that they "tremble at the word of the Lord".
• 14 December – Anne Greene is hanged at Oxford Castle for infanticide, having concealed an illegitimate stillbirth. The following day she revives in the dissection room and, being pardoned, lives until 1665.

  Undated

• With the Treaty of Hartford, the Dutch and English establish the frontiers between their colonies in North America.
• Cornelius Vermuyden completes excavation of the New Bedford River as part of the drainage of The Fens.
• William How publishes his flora Phytologia Britannica.
• Puritans chop down the original Glastonbury Thorn.

  Births

• 2 February – Nell Gwynne, actress and royal mistress
• 24 March – Sir Jonathan Trelawny, 3rd Baronet, bishop
• 18 April – Sir Edward Dering, 3rd Baronet, Member of Parliament
• 20 April – William Bedloe, informer
• 26 May – John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, general
• 14 September – Theophilus Oglethorpe, soldier and Member of Parliament
• 23 September – Jeremy Collier, theatre critic, non-juror bishop and theologian
• 20 October – Robert Shirley, 1st Earl Ferrers, courtier
• 7 November – John Robinson, diplomat
• November – Cloudesley Shovell, admiral
• 14 November – King William III of England, Scotland, and Ireland
• 1 December – William Talman, architect
• Solomon de Medina, French-born army contractor
• George Rooke, admiral
• Richard Lumley, 1st Earl of Scarbrough, statesman

  Deaths

• February – Sir Thomas Bowyer, 1st Baronet, politician
• 9 March – Elizabeth Savage, Countess Rivers, courtier
• 18 April – Simonds d'Ewes, antiquarian and politician
• 9 July – Alice Barnham, wife of Francis Bacon
• 25 August – Richard Crashaw, poet
• 8 September – Princess Elizabeth of England, daughter of Charles I
• 13 November – Thomas May, poet and historian
• 13 December – Phineas Fletcher, poet
• 25 December – Thomas Cooper, former Usher of Gresham's School and Royalist, hanged
• Probable date – Isaac Ewer, soldier and regicide