1810 in France

Incumbents

• First Consul / Emperor - Napoléon Bonaparte / Napoleon I

  Events

• 6 January - Treaty of Paris ends war between France and Sweden.
• 10 January - Marriage of Napoleon and Joséphine de Beauharnais is annulled.
• 4 March - French Army retreats from Portugal.
• 11 March - Napoleon marries Marie-Louise of Austria.
• 26 April - Peninsular War: Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo begins. Spanish garrison besieged by French forces.
• 9 July - Napoleon annexes the Kingdom of Holland.
• 9 July - Peninsular War: Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo ends in French victory.
• 24 July - Peninsular War: Battle of the Côa.
• 25 July - Peninsular War: Siege of Almeida begins. French lay siege to British and Portuguese forces.
• 20 August - Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Grand Port, Mauritius. French victory over British fleet.
• 21 August - One of Napoleon's marshals, Jean Baptiste Bernadotte, was elected crown prince of Sweden.
• 27 August - Peninsular War: Siege of Almeida ends with French victory.
• 27 September - Battle of Bussaco, Anglo-Portuguese victory over the French.
• Peugeot engineering business established.

  Births

January to June

• 21 January - Pierre Louis Charles de Failly, General.
• 8 February - Eliphas Levi, occult author and magician.
• 4 April - Désirée Gay, socialist feminist.
• 8 April - Hégésippe Moreau, poet.
• 13 April - Félicien-César David, composer.
• 28 June - Célestin Joseph Félix, Jesuit.

  July to December

• 14 July - Aristide Boucicaut, creator of Le Bon Marché department stores.
• 21 July - Henri Victor Regnault, chemist and physicist.
• 4 August - Maurice de Guérin, poet.
• 15 August - Louise Colet, poet.
• 12 September - Ernest Courtot de Cissey, General.
• 29 October - Sophie d'Arbouville, writer.
• 8 November - Pierre Bosquet, Marshal of France.
• 7 December — Theodor Schwann, German physiologist
• 11 December - Alfred de Musset, dramatist, poet and novelist.

  Full date unknown

• Louise Rosalie Allan-Despreaux, actress.
• Louis Aubert-Roche, physician.
• Baron de César Bazancourt, military historian.
• Eugène Belgrand, engineer.
• Louis-Auguste Desmarres, ophthalmologist.
• François Edmond Eugène de Barlatier de Mas, naval officer.
• Pierre-Jules Mêne, sculptor.
• Antoine Léon Morel-Fatio, painter.

  Deaths

January to June

• 1 March - Jean-Jacques de Boissieu, painter.
• 2 May - Jean-Louis Baudelocque, obstetrician.
• 21 May - Chevalier d'Eon, diplomat, spy and soldier who lived the first half of her life as a man and the second half as a woman.
• 29 May - François-Urbain Domergue, grammarian and journalist.
• 26 June - Joseph-Michel Montgolfier, airship inventor.

  July to December

• 12 August - Étienne Louis Geoffroy, entomologist.
• 13 August - Jacques-François Menou, General.
• 19 October - Jean-Georges Noverre, dancer and balletmaster.
• 23 October - Jean Baptiste Marie Franceschi-Delonne, General.
• 26 October - Alexandre-Antoine Hureau de Sénarmont, Artillery General.
• 1 December - Jean Baptiste Treilhard, politician.
• 8 December - Ange-François Fariau, poet and translator.

  Full date unknown

• Charles-Claude Flahaut de la Billaderie, comte d'Angiviller, director of the Bâtiments du Roi.
• François Cabarrus, adventurer.
• Esprit Calvet, physician and collector.
• Antoine-Denis Chaudet, sculptor.
• Jean-Marie Morel, architect and surveyor.
• François Péron, naturalist and explorer.