1917 in the United Kingdom

Incumbents

• Monarch – George V
• Prime Minister – David Lloyd George
• Parliament – 30th

  Events

• January – J. R. R. Tolkien, on medical leave from the British Army at Great Haywood, begins writing The Book of Lost Tales, starting with the "Fall of Gondolin"; thus Tolkien's mythopoeic Middle-earth legendarium is first chronicled in prose.
• 19 January – Silvertown explosion: a blast at a munitions factory in London kills 73 and injures over 400. The resulting fire causes over £2M-worth of damage.
• 25 January – armed merchantman is sunk by mines off Lough Swilly with the loss of 354 of the 475 aboard.
• 26 January – the sea defences at the village of Hallsands, Devon are breached, leading to all but one of the houses becoming uninhabitable.
• 1 February – Atlantic U-boat Campaign : Germany announces its U-boats will resume unrestricted submarine warfare, rescinding the 'Sussex pledge'.
• 2 February – bread rationing introduced.
• 21 February – Elder Dempster Line troopship is accidentally rammed by SS Darro off the Isle of Wight, killing 646, mainly members of the South African Native Labour Corps.
• February – formation of the Women's Land Army, superseding the Women's National Land Service Corps.
• March – establishment of the Imperial War Cabinet, a body composed of the chief British ministers and the prime ministers of the Dominions to set policy.
• 11 March – World War I: British forces led by Sir Stanley Maude capture Baghdad, the southern capital of the Ottoman Empire.
• 17 March – World War I: Action of 17 March 1917 – German warships attack British naval patrols off the Goodwin Sands and shell Ramsgate and Margate.
• 26 March – World War I: First Battle of Gaza – British cavalry troops retreat after 17,000 Turks block their advance.
• 28 March – the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps founded.
• 5 April – Food Hoarding Order issued to prevent households from hoarding food in short supply.
• 20–21 April – World War I: Second Battle of Dover Strait: German torpedo boats raid the Dover Barrage.
• 6/7 May – World War I: bomb dropped on London by a fixed-wing aircraft.
• 25 May – World War I: first daylight bombing raid on the UK by fixed-wing aircraft: 95 killed in Folkestone area.
• 4 June – the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is established as an order of chivalry by George V under letters patent.
• 7 June – World War I: Battle of Messines in Flanders opens with the British Army detonating 19 ammonal mines under the German lines, killing 10,000 in the deadliest deliberate non-nuclear man-made explosion in history, which can be heard in London.
• 13 June
• * World War I: daylight bombing raid on London by fixed-wing aircraft: 162 killed.
• * Ashton-under-Lyne munitions explosion: 43 killed.
• 1–7 July – First National Baby Week, a campaign for improved infant health.
• 9 July – HMS Vanguard is blown apart by an internal explosion at her moorings in Scapa Flow, Orkney, killing an estimated 843 crew with no survivors.
• 17 July
• * King George V issues a Proclamation stating that the male line descendants of the British Royal Family will bear the surname Windsor.
• * Winston Churchill is appointed Minister of Munitions.
• 31 July-10 November – World War I: Battle of Passchendaele : Allied offensive in Flanders.
• July – First Cottingley Fairies photographs taken, apparently depicting fairies; a hoax not admitted by the child creators until 1981
• 1 August – Women's Forestry Service under Miss Rosamond Crowdy instituted under the Timber Supply Department of the Board of Trade.
• 2 August – Squadron Commander E. H. Dunning becomes the first pilot to land his aircraft on a ship when he lands his Sopwith Pup on in Scapa Flow but is killed five days later during another landing on the ship.
• 17 August – one of English literature's most important and famous meetings takes place when Wilfred Owen introduces himself to Siegfried Sassoon at Craiglockhart War Hospital in Edinburgh. Owen's war poems "Anthem for Doomed Youth" and "Dulce et Decorum est" are written at this time.
• 21 August – most provisions of Corn Production Act 1917 come into force. This guarantees minimum prices for wheat and oats and specifies a minimum wage for agricultural workers.
• 17 September – Constance Coltman becomes the first English woman ordained as a Christian minister in a mainstream denomination, the Congregational Church, at the King's Weigh House church in London.
• 1–4 October – White Lund explosions: blasts at National Filling Factory No. 13, a munitions works near Morecambe, kill 10.
• 5 October – Sir Arthur Lee donates the country house Chequers to the nation.
• 19 October – World War I: Last major German Zeppelin raids: 11 airships spread cross the country, killing 36 people, but 5 of the craft are lost on their return.
• November – World War I: Some British troops are moved to the Italian Front.
• 2 November – Foreign Secretary Arthur Balfour makes the Balfour Declaration proclaiming British support for establishment of a homeland for the Jewish people in Palestine.
• 7 November – World War I: Third Battle of Gaza ends – British forces capture Gaza from the Ottoman Empire.
• 16 November – British troops occupy Tel Aviv and Jaffa in Palestine.
• 17 November – People's Dispensary for Sick Animals established by Maria Dickin.
• 20 November – World War I: Battle of Cambrai begins — British forces make early progress in an attack on German positions but are soon beaten back.
• 29 November – Women's Royal Naval Service established.
• 11 December – World War I: Battle of Jerusalem – General Edmund Allenby leads units of the British Egyptian Expeditionary Force into Jerusalem on foot following the Ottoman Empire's surrender of the city.
• 25 December – Dick, Kerr's Ladies F.C. plays its first match, in Preston, Lancashire.
• 31 December – World War I: British government imposes rationing of sugar.

  Undated

• Gay Crusader wins the English Triple Crown by finishing first in the Derby, 2,000 Guineas and St. Leger.
• Nuclear fission: Ernest Rutherford achieves nuclear transmutation, the first observation of a nuclear reaction, in which he also discovers and names the proton.
• Announced 12 November 1918; presented 1 June 1920 – Charles Glover Barkla wins the 1917 Nobel Prize in Physics "for his discovery of the characteristic Röntgen radiation of the elements."

  Publications

• The anthology of British war poetry The Muse in Arms.
• Joseph Conrad's novella The Shadow Line.
• Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes short story collection His Last Bow.
• T. S. Eliot's poems Prufrock, and other observations.
• Robert Graves' poems Fairies and Fusiliers.
• Ivor Gurney's poems Severn and Somme.
• Daniel Jones's An English Pronouncing Dictionary.
• Siegfried Sassoon's The Old Huntsman, and Other Poems.
• Edward Thomas's posthumous collection Poems.
• Alec Waugh's controversial semi-autobiographical novel of life in a boys' school The Loom of Youth.
• P. G. Wodehouse's short story collection The Man with Two Left Feet.
• W. B. Yeats's poetry collection The Wild Swans at Coole.

  Births

• 4 January – Maurice Wohl, philanthropist
• 16 January – Bill Lucas, British RAF officer, Olympic long-distance runner
• 19 January
• *Graham Higman, mathematician
• *Nigel Nicolson, writer and politician
• 2 February – Mary Ellis, pilot
• 20 February – Frederick Page, aircraft designer
• 25 February – Anthony Burgess, author
• 2 March – John Gardner, composer
• 12 March – Googie Withers, actress
• 20 March – Vera Lynn, singer
• 22 March – Paul Rogers, actor
• 23 March – Josef Locke, born Joseph McLaughlin, Irish tenor
• 24 March – John Kendrew, molecular biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry
• 6 April – Leonora Carrington, surrealist painter and fiction writer working in Mexico
• 14 April – Richard Chopping, illustrator
• 22 April – Leo Abse, lawyer and politician
• 14 May – W. T. Tutte, English-born mathematician and cryptanalyst
• 21 May – Frank Bellamy, comics artist
• 10 June – Ruari McLean, Scottish typographer
• 21 June – Leslie Shepard, author and archivist
• 23 June – Peter Brunt, ancient historian
• 29 June – Mary Berry, canoness, choral conductor and musicologist
• 1 July – Humphry Osmond, psychiatrist
• 10 July – Reg Smythe, cartoonist
• 30 August – Denis Healey, politician and author
• 3 September – Anthony Robert Klitz, artist
• 7 September – Johnnie Stewart, television presenter
• 15 September – Richard Arnell, composer
• 30 September – Peter Malam Brothers, World War II pilot
• 2 October – Christian de Duve, biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
• 8 October – Rodney Robert Porter, biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
• 10 October – John Stanton Ward, artist
• 22 October
• * Lord Michael Fitzalan-Howard, soldier and courtier
• * Joan Fontaine, film actress in Tokyo
• 7 November – Tom Tuohy, chemist
• 22 November – Andrew Huxley, scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
• 22 November – Shabtai Rosenne, English-born Israeli diplomat and recipient of the Israel Prize
• 16 December – Arthur C. Clarke, science fiction author and inventor
• 21 December – Diana Athill, author

  Deaths

• 2 January – Edward Burnett Tylor, anthropologist
• 19 March – Samuel Pasco, United States Senator from Florida from 1887 to 1899
• 25 March – John George Will, Scottish international rugby player
• 2 April – Bryn Lewis, Wales international rugby player
• 9 April – Edward Thomas, poet
• 18 May – John Nevil Maskelyne, stage magician
• 31 July
• *Ellis Humphrey Evans, Welsh-language poet
• *James Llewellyn Davies, Victoria Cross recipient
• *James Young Milne Henderson, Scottish international rugby player
• *Francis Ledwidge, Irish poet
• 15 August – Thomas Crisp, Victoria Cross recipient
• 30 August – Alan Leo, astrologer
• 8 November
• *Colin Blythe, cricketer
• *Arthur Matthew Weld Downing, astronomer
• 14 December – Phil Waller, Wales and British Lions rugby player