1938 United States House of Representatives elections
The 1938 United States House of Representatives elections was an election for the United States House of Representatives in 1938 which occurred in the middle of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's second term. Roosevelt's Democratic Party lost a net of 72 seats to the Republican Party, who also picked up seats from minor Progressive and Farmer–Labor Parties.
Multiple factors contributed to the Democratic decline. One main reason was the Recession of 1937. Unemployment soared, undercutting the Democrats' claim that the New Deal had ended the Great Depression. Democrats fought among themselves, especially over Roosevelt's "Court Packing" plan. In addition, there was backlash against Roosevelt's intervention in the Democratic primaries which angered conservative Democrats. The labor unions, which were emerging as a powerful grassroots factor in the New Deal Coalition, split bitterly as the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations fought over membership.
Internal Democratic strains were exacerbated by an effort led by Roosevelt to purge certain conservative senators for defeat in Democratic primaries, including Walter George of Georgia, Millard Tydings of Maryland and Ellison Smith of South Carolina, along with the chairman of the House Rules Committee, John J. O'Connor of New York. All but the last were re-elected.
While a number of New Deal supporters won primary elections, such as Sen. Alben Barkley in Kentucky, who defeated Happy Chandler, in Idaho, Sen. James P. Pope, a prominent New Deal supporter, lost his bid for re-nomination, as did California senator William McAdoo. The many seats Democrats won in traditionally Republican districts in the 1930, 1932, 1934 and 1936 elections meant that they had to defend a large number of marginal seats.
Meanwhile, the Republicans were united; they had shed their weakest members in a series of defeats since 1930. Re-energized Republicans focused attention on strong fresh candidates in major states, especially Robert A. Taft the conservative from Ohio, Earl Warren the moderate who won both the Republican and the Democratic primaries in California, and Thomas Dewey the crusading prosecutor from New York. The Republican resurgence in 1938 was made possible by carrying 50% of the vote outside the South, giving GOP leaders confidence it had a strong base for the 1940 presidential election.
Overall, the Democrats lost 72 seats in the House, though with 262 seats, they retained a majority. The defeats were nearly all in the North, as the South resumed its historic role as the Democratic base in Congress.
Special elections
Overall results
Source:Alabama
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Frank W. Boykin | Democratic | 1935 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| George M. Grant | Democratic | 1938 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Henry B. Steagall | Democratic | 1914 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Sam Hobbs | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Joe Starnes | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Pete Jarman | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| William B. Bankhead | Democratic | 1916 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| John Sparkman | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Luther Patrick | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Arizona
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| John R. Murdock | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Arkansas
California
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Clarence F. Lea | Democratic | 1916 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Harry Lane Englebright | Republican | 1926 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Frank H. Buck | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Franck R. Havenner | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Richard J. Welch | Republican | 1926 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Albert E. Carter | Republican | 1924 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| John H. Tolan | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| John J. McGrath | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Bertrand W. Gearhart | Republican | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Alfred J. Elliott | Democratic | 1937 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| John S. McGroarty | Democratic | 1934 | Retired to run for Secretary of State of California. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Jerry Voorhis | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Charles Kramer | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Thomas F. Ford | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| John M. Costello | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| John F. Dockweiler | Democratic | 1932 | Retired to run for Governor of California and then lost re-election as Independent. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Charles J. Colden | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent died. New member elected. Democratic hold. | ||
| Byron N. Scott | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Harry R. Sheppard | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Edouard Izac | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Colorado
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Lawrence Lewis | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Fred Nelson Cummings | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| John Andrew Martin | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Edward Thomas Taylor | Democratic | 1908 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Connecticut
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Herman P. Kopplemann | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| William J. Fitzgerald | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| James A. Shanley | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Alfred N. Phillips | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| J. Joseph Smith | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| William M. Citron | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
Delaware
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| William F. Allen | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
Florida
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| J. Hardin Peterson | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Robert A. Green | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Millard F. Caldwell | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| J. Mark Wilcox | Democratic | 1932 | Retired to run for U.S. senator. New member elected. Democratic hold. | ||
| Joe Hendricks | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Georgia
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Hugh Peterson | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Edward E. Cox | Democratic | 1924 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Stephen Pace | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Emmett Marshall Owen | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Robert Ramspeck | Democratic | 1929 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Carl Vinson | Democratic | 1914 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Malcolm C. Tarver | Democratic | 1926 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Braswell Deen | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. | ||
| B. Frank Whelchel | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Paul Brown | Democratic | 1933 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Idaho
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Compton I. White | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| David Worth Clark | Democratic | 1934 | Retired to run for U.S. senator. New member elected. Republican gain. |
Illinois
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Arthur W. Mitchell | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Raymond S. McKeough | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Edward A. Kelly | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Harry P. Beam | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Adolph J. Sabath | Democratic | 1906 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Thomas J. O'Brien | Democratic | 1932 | Retired to run for sheriff of Cook County. New member elected. Democratic hold. | ||
| Leonard W. Schuetz | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Leo Kocialkowski | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| James McAndrews | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Ralph E. Church | Republican | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Chauncey W. Reed | Republican | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Noah M. Mason | Republican | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Leo E. Allen | Republican | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Chester Thompson | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Lewis L. Boyer | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Everett Dirksen | Republican | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Leslie C. Arends | Republican | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| James A. Meeks | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Hugh M. Rigney | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Scott W. Lucas | Democratic | 1934 | Retired to run for U.S. senator. New member elected. Democratic hold. | ||
| Frank W. Fries | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Edwin M. Schaefer | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Laurence F. Arnold | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Claude V. Parsons | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Kent E. Keller | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Lewis M. Long | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic hold. | ||
| Edwin V. Champion | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
Indiana
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| William T. Schulte | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Charles A. Halleck | Republican | 1935 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Samuel B. Pettengill | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| James I. Farley | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Glenn Griswold | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Virginia Jenckes | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Arthur H. Greenwood | Democratic | 1922 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| John W. Boehne, Jr. | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Eugene B. Crowe | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Finly Hutchinson Gray | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| William H. Larrabee | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Louis Ludlow | Democratic | 1928 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Iowa
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Edward C. Eicher | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| William S. Jacobsen | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| John W. Gwynne | Republican | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Fred Bierman | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Lloyd Thurston | Republican | 1924 | Retired to run for U.S. senator. New member elected. Republican hold. | ||
| Cassius C. Dowell | Republican | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Otha D. Wearin | Democratic | 1932 | Retired to run for U.S. senator. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Fred C. Gilchrist | Republican | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Vincent F. Harrington | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Kansas
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| William P. Lambertson | Republican | 1928 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Ulysses Samuel Guyer | Republican | 1926 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Edward White Patterson | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Edward Herbert Rees | Republican | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| John Mills Houston | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Frank Carlson | Republican | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Clifford R. Hope | Republican | 1926 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Kentucky
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Noble Jones Gregory | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Beverly M. Vincent | Democratic | 1937 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Emmet O'Neal | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Edward W. Creal | Democratic | 1935 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Brent Spence | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Virgil Chapman | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Andrew J. May | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Joe B. Bates | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| John M. Robsion | Republican | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Louisiana
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Joachim O. Fernandez | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Paul H. Maloney | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Robert L. Mouton | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Overton Brooks | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Newt V. Mills | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| John K. Griffith | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| René L. De Rouen | Democratic | 1927 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| A. Leonard Allen | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Maine
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| James C. Oliver | Republican | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Clyde H. Smith | Republican | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Ralph Owen Brewster | Republican | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Maryland
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| T. Alan Goldsborough | Democratic | 1920 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| William P. Cole, Jr. | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Vincent Luke Palmisano | Democratic | 1926 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic hold. | ||
| Ambrose Jerome Kennedy | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Stephen W. Gambrill | Democratic | 1924 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| David John Lewis | Democratic | 1930 | Retired to run for U.S. senator. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
Massachusetts
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Allen T. Treadway | Republican | 1912 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Charles R. Clason | Republican | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Joseph E. Casey | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Pehr G. Holmes | Republican | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Edith Nourse Rogers | Republican | 1925 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| George J. Bates | Republican | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Lawrence J. Connery | Democratic | 1937 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Arthur D. Healey | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Robert Luce | Republican | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| George H. Tinkham | Republican | 1914 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Thomas A. Flaherty | Democratic | 1937 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| John William McCormack | Democratic | 1928 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Richard B. Wigglesworth | Republican | 1928 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Joseph William Martin, Jr. | Republican | 1924 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Charles L. Gifford | Republican | 1922 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Michigan
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| George G. Sadowski | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic hold. | ||
| Earl C. Michener | Republican | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Paul W. Shafer | Republican | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Clare E. Hoffman | Republican | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Carl E. Mapes | Republican | 1912 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Andrew J. Transue | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Jesse P. Wolcott | Republican | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Fred L. Crawford | Republican | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Albert J. Engel | Republican | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Roy O. Woodruff | Republican | 1920 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| John F. Luecke | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Frank Eugene Hook | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| George D. O'Brien | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Louis C. Rabaut | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| John D. Dingell Sr. | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| John Lesinski Sr. | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| George A. Dondero | Republican | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Minnesota
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| August H. Andresen | Republican | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Elmer Ryan | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Henry Teigan | Farmer–Labor | 1936 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Melvin J. Maas | Republican | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Dewey Johnson | Farmer–Labor | 1936 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Harold Knutson | Republican | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Paul John Kvale | Farmer–Labor | 1929 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| John Bernard | Farmer–Labor | 1936 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Rich T. Buckler | Farmer–Labor | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Mississippi
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| John E. Rankin | Democratic | 1920 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Wall Doxey | Democratic | 1928 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| William Madison Whittington | Democratic | 1924 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Aaron L. Ford | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Ross A. Collins | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| William M. Colmer | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Dan R. McGehee | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Missouri
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Milton A. Romjue | Democratic | 1922 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| William L. Nelson | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Richard M. Duncan | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| C. Jasper Bell | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Joe Shannon | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Reuben T. Wood | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Dewey Short | Republican | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Clyde Williams | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Clarence Cannon | Democratic | 1922 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Orville Zimmerman | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Thomas C. Hennings, Jr. | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Charles Arthur Anderson | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| John J. Cochran | Democratic | 1926 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Montana
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Jerry J. O'Connell | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| James F. O'Connor | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Nebraska
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Henry Carl Luckey | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Charles F. McLaughlin | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Karl Stefan | Republican | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Charles Gustav Binderup | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Harry B. Coffee | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Nevada
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| James G. Scrugham | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. |
New Hampshire
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Alphonse Roy | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Charles W. Tobey | Republican | 1932 | Retired to run for U.S. senator. New member elected. Republican hold. |
New Jersey
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Charles A. Wolverton | Republican | 1926 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Elmer H. Wene | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| William H. Sutphin | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| D. Lane Powers | Republican | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Charles A. Eaton | Republican | 1924 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Donald H. McLean | Republican | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| J. Parnell Thomas | Republican | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| George N. Seger | Republican | 1922 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Edward A. Kenney | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent died. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Fred A. Hartley, Jr. | Republican | 1928 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Edward L. O'Neill | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Frank W. Towey, Jr. | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Mary Teresa Norton | Democratic | 1924 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Edward J. Hart | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. |
New Mexico
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| John J. Dempsey | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. |
New York
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Robert L. Bacon | Republican | 1922 | Incumbent died. New member elected. Republican hold. | ||
| William Bernard Barry | Democratic | 1935 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Joseph L. Pfeifer | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Thomas H. Cullen | Democratic | 1918 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Marcellus H. Evans | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Andrew Lawrence Somers | Democratic | 1924 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| John J. Delaney | Democratic | 1931 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Donald L. O'Toole | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Eugene James Keogh | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Emanuel Celler | Democratic | 1922 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| James A. O'Leary | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Samuel Dickstein | Democratic | 1922 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Christopher D. Sullivan | Democratic | 1916 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| William Irving Sirovich | Democratic | 1926 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| John J. Boylan | Democratic | 1922 | Incumbent died. New member elected. Democratic hold. | ||
| John J. O'Connor | Democratic | 1923 | Incumbent lost renomination and re-election as Republican. New member elected. Democratic hold. | ||
| Bruce Fairchild Barton | Republican | 1937 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Martin J. Kennedy | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Sol Bloom | Democratic | 1923 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| James J. Lanzetta | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. American Labor gain. | ||
| Joseph A. Gavagan | Democratic | 1929 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Edward W. Curley | Democratic | 1935 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Charles A. Buckley | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| James M. Fitzpatrick | Democratic | 1926 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Ralph A. Gamble | Republican | 1937 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Hamilton Fish III | Republican | 1920 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Lewis K. Rockefeller | Republican | 1937 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| William T. Byrne | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| E. Harold Cluett | Republican | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Frank Crowther | Republican | 1918 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Bertrand Snell | Republican | 1915 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. | ||
| Francis D. Culkin | Republican | 1928 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Fred J. Douglas | Republican | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Bert Lord | Republican | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Clarence E. Hancock | Republican | 1927 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| John Taber | Republican | 1922 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| W. Sterling Cole | Republican | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| George Bradshaw Kelly | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| James Wolcott Wadsworth, Jr. | Republican | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Walter Gresham Andrews | Republican | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Alfred F. Beiter | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| James M. Mead | Democratic | 1918 | Retired to run for U.S. senator. New member elected. Democratic hold. | ||
| Daniel A. Reed | Republican | 1918 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Caroline O'Day | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Matthew J. Merritt | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. |
North Carolina
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Lindsay C. Warren | Democratic | 1924 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| John H. Kerr | Democratic | 1923 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Graham Arthur Barden | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Harold D. Cooley | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Franklin Wills Hancock, Jr. | Democratic | 1930 | Retired to run for U.S. senator. New member elected. Democratic hold. | ||
| William B. Umstead | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. | ||
| J. Bayard Clark | Democratic | 1928 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Walter Lambeth | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. | ||
| Robert L. Doughton | Democratic | 1910 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Alfred L. Bulwinkle | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Zebulon Weaver | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. |
North Dakota
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| William Lemke | Republican | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Usher L. Burdick | Republican | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Ohio
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Joseph A. Dixon | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Herbert S. Bigelow | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Byron B. Harlan | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Frank L. Kloeb | Democratic | 1932 | Special election Resigned August 19, 1937 to become U.S. District Court Judge. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Frank L. Kloeb | Democratic | 1932 | General election Winner of special election did not stand in general election Republican hold | ||
| Frank C. Kniffin | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| James G. Polk | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Arthur W. Aleshire | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Thomas B. Fletcher | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| John F. Hunter | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Thomas A. Jenkins | Republican | 1924 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Harold K. Claypool | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Arthur P. Lamneck | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Dudley A. White | Republican | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Dow W. Harter | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Robert T. Secrest | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| William R. Thom | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| William A. Ashbrook | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Lawrence E. Imhoff | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Michael J. Kirwan | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Martin L. Sweeney | Democratic | 1931 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Robert Crosser | Democratic | 1922 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Anthony A. Fleger | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Harold G. Mosier | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| John McSweeney | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
Oklahoma
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Wesley E. Disney | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| John Conover Nichols | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Wilburn Cartwright | Democratic | 1926 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Lyle Boren | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Gomer Griffith Smith | Democratic | 1937 | Retired to run for U.S. senator. New member elected. Democratic hold. | ||
| Jed Johnson | Democratic | 1926 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Sam C. Massingale | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Phil Ferguson | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Will Rogers | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Oregon
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| James W. Mott | Republican | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Walter M. Pierce | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Nan Wood Honeyman | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
Pennsylvania
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Leon Sacks | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| James P. McGranery | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Michael J. Bradley | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| J. Burrwood Daly | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Frank Joseph Gerard Dorsey | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Michael J. Stack | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent lost renomination and re-election as Royal Oak. New member elected. Democratic hold. | ||
| Ira W. Drew | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| James Wolfenden | Republican | 1928 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Oliver W. Frey | Democratic | 1933 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| J. Roland Kinzer | Republican | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Patrick J. Boland | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| J. Harold Flannery | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| James H. Gildea | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Guy L. Moser | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Albert G. Rutherford | Republican | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Robert F. Rich | Republican | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| J. William Ditter | Republican | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Richard M. Simpson | Republican | 1937 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Guy J. Swope | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Benjamin Jarrett | Republican | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Francis E. Walter | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Harry L. Haines | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Don Gingery | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| J. Buell Snyder | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Charles I. Faddis | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Charles R. Eckert | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Joseph Anthony Gray | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Robert G. Allen | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Charles N. Crosby | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Peter J. De Muth | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| James L. Quinn | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Herman P. Eberharter | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Henry Ellenbogen | Democratic | 1932 | Resigned when elected judge Democratic hold. | ||
| Matthew A. Dunn | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Rhode Island
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Aime Forand | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| John M. O'Connell | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
South Carolina
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Thomas S. McMillan | Democratic | 1924 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Hampton P. Fulmer | Democratic | 1920 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| John C. Taylor | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic hold. | ||
| Gabriel H. Mahon, Jr. | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic hold. | ||
| James P. Richards | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Elizabeth Hawley Gasque | Democratic | 1938 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
South Dakota
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Fred H. Hildebrandt | Democratic | 1932 | Retired to run for U.S. senator. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Francis H. Case | Republican | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Tennessee
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| B. Carroll Reece | Republican | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| J. Will Taylor | Republican | 1918 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Sam D. McReynolds | Democratic | 1922 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| John Ridley Mitchell | Democratic | 1930 | Retired to run for U.S. senator. New member elected. Democratic hold. | ||
| Richard Merrill Atkinson | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic hold. | ||
| Clarence W. Turner | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Herron C. Pearson | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Jere Cooper | Democratic | 1928 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Walter Chandler | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Texas
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Wright Patman | Democratic | 1928 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Martin Dies, Jr. | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Morgan G. Sanders | Democratic | 1920 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic hold. | ||
| Sam Rayburn | Democratic | 1912 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Hatton W. Sumners | Democratic | 1914 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Luther A. Johnson | Democratic | 1922 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Nat Patton | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Albert Richard Thomas | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Joseph J. Mansfield | Democratic | 1916 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Lyndon B. Johnson | Democratic | 1937 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| William R. Poage | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Fritz G. Lanham | Democratic | 1919 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| William D. McFarlane | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic hold. | ||
| Richard M. Kleberg | Democratic | 1931 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Milton H. West | Democratic | 1933 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| R. Ewing Thomason | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Clyde L. Garrett | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| John Marvin Jones | Democratic | 1916 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| George H. Mahon | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Maury Maverick | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic hold. | ||
| Charles L. South | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Utah
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Abe Murdock | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| J. W. Robinson | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Vermont
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Charles Albert Plumley | Republican | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Virginia
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| S. Otis Bland | Democratic | 1918 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Norman R. Hamilton | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic hold. | ||
| Dave E. Satterfield, Jr. | Democratic | 1937 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Patrick H. Drewry | Democratic | 1920 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Thomas G. Burch | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Clifton A. Woodrum | Democratic | 1922 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Absalom Willis Robertson | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Howard W. Smith | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| John W. Flannagan, Jr. | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Washington
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Warren Magnuson | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Monrad C. Wallgren | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Martin F. Smith | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Knute Hill | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Charles H. Leavy | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| John M. Coffee | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. |
West Virginia
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Robert L. Ramsay | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Jennings Randolph | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Andrew Edmiston, Jr. | Democratic | 1933 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| George William Johnson | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| John Kee | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Joe L. Smith | Democratic | 1928 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Wisconsin
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Thomas Ryum Amlie | Progressive | 1934 | Retired to run for U.S. senator. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Harry Sauthoff | Progressive | 1934 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Gardner R. Withrow | Progressive | 1920 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Raymond Joseph Cannon | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent lost renomination and re-election as Independent. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Thomas O'Malley | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Michael Reilly | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Gerald J. Boileau | Progressive | 1930 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| George J. Schneider | Progressive | 1934 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Merlin Hull | Progressive | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Bernard J. Gehrmann | Progressive | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Wyoming
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Paul R. Greever | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |