The 1995 municipal annexation in South Korea was an administrative event in which many cities and counties joined together into "urban-rural integrated" cities as of 1 January 1995. Some of the annexation were done later as of 10 May 1995. Some of the counties were annexed to certain metropolitan cities as of 1 March 2015. The purpose of this annexation plan was to resolve certain problems related to municipal government; for instance, discord between administrative districts and life spheres. The relevant municipalities had the same history in that they once belonged to the same county or municipality before the central town of the country was separated as a city. However, cities separated from old counties of Gwangju, Suwon, Siheung and Bucheon, in the suburbs of Seoul, were not considered for such annexation. For Daejeon, Busan and Gwangju, the remnant counties were already annexed to the relevant metropolitan cities. Annexation of Ganghwa County to Incheon was not related to Incheon's historical background, but rather a political scheme to expand Incheon in size. In fact, many of the relevant municipalities before the annexation were formed after the Great municipal annexation in 1914 as the Japanese colonial government and later the South Korean government had implemented a policy to separate urban areas into cities from existing counties.
List of cities and counties joined into "urban-rural integrated" cities in 1995
Note: The names of former cities and counties before the 1995 annexation are complied with the old standard Romanisation, or McCune–Reischauer Romanisation. The names of the current "integrated" cities are complied with the current Revised Standard Romanisation. The names of some former counties that were not existent at the time of the annexation in 1995 are also complied with the current Romanisation. Cities that are not specified as "metropolitan city" are all "municipal" cities.
P'yŏngt'aek City + Songt'an City + Pyŏngt'aek County → Pyeongtaek City
Tiny sections of Gwangmyeong City → Seoul's Geumcheon-gu & Guro-gu
Tiny section of Jichuk-dong in Goyang City → Seoul's Eunpyeong-gu
Guri City and Namyangju City have not yet merged. Yangju City and Dongducheon City have not yet merged until now, but there is a "grass-root" consolidation movement for "consolidated" Yangju City in Yangju, Uijeongbu and Dongducheon areas today.
Not considered for annexation
Cities separated from old counties of Kwangju, Suwon, Siheung and Bucheon, in the suburbs of Seoul, were not considered for annexation. Some districts of Seoul that were annexed from such counties were not also considered for inter-municipal consolidation; rather, Yeongdeungpo and Gangnam areas were considered for independent municipal or metropolitan cities separated from Seoul at that time.
From old Gwangju County: several districts in southeastern Seoul, Seongnam City, Hanam City and Gwangju County
From old Suwon County: Suwon City, Osan City and Hwaseong County
From old Bucheon County: several districts in Incheon, Namdong-gu, Seo-gu, Buk-gu ) and Bucheon City
From old Siheung County: several districts in southwestern/southern Seoul, Anyang City, Gwangmyeong City, Ansan City, Gwacheon City, Gunp'o City, Uiwang City and Siheung City.
A merger of Seoul Metropolitan City and Goyang City was not considered since former townships of old Goyang County that were later annexed to Seoul from 1936 to 1949 were mostly former outer districts of old Seoul before 1914 and the government at the time of 1995 did not consider the prefectural expansion of Seoul but rather once seriously considered a division of Seoul into several municipal or metropolitan cities.
Gangwon area
Kangnŭng City + Myŏngju County → Gangneung City
Ch'unch'ŏn City + Ch'unsŏng County → Chuncheon City
Wonju City + Wonsŏng County → Wonju City
Samch'ŏk City + Samch'ŏk County → Samcheok City
Sokcho City and Yangyang County have not yet merged until now.
Cheongju City and Cheongwon County merged into 'consolidated' Cheongju City in 2014.
Honam area
Kunsan City + Okgu County → Gunsan City
Kimje City + Kimje County → Gimje County
Namwŏn City + Namwŏn County → Namwon City
Chŏngŭp City + Chŏngju County → Jeongeup City
Iri City + Iksan County → Iksan City
Sunch'ŏn City + Sŭngju County → Suncheon City
Tonggwangyang City + Kwangyang County → Gwangyang City
Naju City + Naju County → Naju City
Yŏsu City, Yŏsu County and Yŏch'ŏn County merged into 'consolidated' Yeosu City in 1998. Jeonju City and Wanju County have not yet merged until now. Mokpo City, Muan County and Sinan County have not yet merged until now.
Parts of Ch'angwon County + Masan City → Masan City
Parts of Ch'angwon County + Ch'angwon City → Changwon City
Chinju City + Chinyang County → Jinju City
Ch'ungmu City + T'ongyŏng County → Tongyeong City
Kimhae City + Kimhae County → Gimhae City
Parts of Yangsan County → annexed to Busan Metropolitan City, forming today's Gijang County, Busan. The area was a remnant part of former Dongnae County before being annexed to Yangsan in 1973.
Ulsan City + Ulchu County → Ulsan City. Ulchu County was annexed as Ulchu District, Ulsan City, but it became a county again as Ulsan City was promoted to a metropolitan city in 1997. Ulchu County was a remnant county to Ulsan City.