2000 Republican Party presidential primaries
The 2000 Republican presidential primaries were the selection process by which voters of the Republican Party chose its nominee for President of the United States in the 2000 U.S. presidential election. Texas Governor George W. Bush was selected as the nominee through a series of primary elections and caucuses culminating in the 2000 Republican National Convention held from July 31 to August 3, 2000, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Primary race overview
The primary contest began with a fairly wide field, as the Republicans lacked an incumbent President or Vice President. Texas Governor George W. Bush, son of George H. W. Bush, the most recent Republican president, took an early lead, with the support of much of the party establishment as well as a strong fund-raising effort. Former cabinet member George Shultz played an important early role in securing Republican support for Bush. In April 1998, he invited Bush to discuss policy issues with experts including Michael Boskin, John Taylor, and Condoleezza Rice. The group, which was "looking for a candidate for 2000 with good political instincts, someone they could work with," was impressed, and Shultz encouraged Bush to enter the race. Due in part to establishment backing, Bush dominated in early polling and fundraising figures. After stumbling in early primary debates, he easily won the Iowa caucuses.Considered a dark horse, U.S. Senator John McCain of Arizona won 48% of the vote to Bush's 30% in the first-in-the-nation New Hampshire primary, giving his campaign a boost of energy and donations.
Then, the main primary season came down to a race between Bush and McCain. McCain's campaign, centered on campaign finance reform, drew positive press coverage and a fair amount of public excitement, with polls giving the senator superior crossover support from independents and Democrats. Bush's campaign dealt with "compassionate conservatism," including a greater role for the federal government in education, subsidies for private charitable programs, and large reductions in income and capital gains taxes.
The next primary contest in South Carolina was notorious for its negative tone. Although the Bush campaign said it was not behind any attacks on McCain, locals supporting Bush reportedly handed out fliers and made telephone calls to prospective voters suggesting among other things, that McCain was a "Manchurian candidate" and that he had fathered a child out of wedlock with a black New York-based prostitute. Bush also drew fire for a speech made at Bob Jones University, a school that still banned interracial dating among its students. But the governor was seen to have the upper hand in a debate hosted by Larry King Live, and he won in South Carolina by nine points. McCain won primaries in Michigan, his home state of Arizona, and a handful of New England states, but faced difficulty in appealing to conservative Republican primary voters. This was particularly true in Michigan, where despite winning the primary, McCain lost the GOP vote to Bush by a wide margin. McCain also competed in the Virginia primary, counting on continued crossover support by giving a speech blasting the religious right. It backfired, and Bush won the state easily. Bush's subsequent Super Tuesday victories in California, New York and the South made it nearly impossible, mathematically, for McCain to catch up, and he suspended his campaign the next day.
Other candidates included social conservative activist Gary Bauer, businessman Steve Forbes, Utah Senator Orrin Hatch, former Ambassador Alan Keyes, former Tennessee Governor Lamar Alexander, former Red Cross director and cabinet member Elizabeth Dole, Ohio Congressman John Kasich, and former Vice President Dan Quayle. Bauer and Hatch campaigned on a traditional Republican platform of opposition to legalized abortion and reductions in taxes. Keyes had a far more conservative platform, calling for the elimination of all federal taxes except tariffs. Keyes also called for returning to ban homosexuals in the military, while most GOP candidates supported the "don't ask, don't tell" policy. Keyes continued participating in the campaign for nearly all the primaries and continued to appear in the debates with frontrunners McCain and Bush. As in 1996, Forbes campaigned on making the federal income tax non-graduated, an idea he called the flat tax, although he increased his focus on social conservatives in 2000. Although Forbes came a close second to Bush in the Iowa caucuses and tied with him in the Alaska caucuses, none of these other candidates won a primary.
Candidates
Nominee
Withdrew at convention
Withdrew during primaries
Other candidates campaigning for the nomination but receiving less than 1% of the national vote included:- Businessman Steve Forbes of New York
- Former Undersecretary of Education Gary Bauer
- United States Senator Orrin Hatch
Withdrew before primary elections
- Fmr. Governor Lamar Alexander of Tennessee
- Commentator and presidential candidate Pat Buchanan of Virginia
- Businessman Herman Cain of Nebraska
- Fmr. United States Secretary of Labor Elizabeth Dole of North Carolina
- Representative John Kasich of Ohio
- Fmr. Vice President Dan Quayle of Arizona
- Senator Bob Smith of New Hampshire
Declined to run
- John Ashcroft, Senator from Missouri
- Newt Gingrich, former Speaker of the United States House of Representatives
- Jack Kemp, former U.S. Representative from New York and nominee for vice-president in 1996
- George H.W. Bush 41st President of the United States
- George Pataki, Governor of New York
- Harold E. Stassen, former Governor of Minnesota
- Donald Trump, businessman
- Fred Thompson, Senator from Tennessee
- Tommy Thompson, Governor of Wisconsin
- Christine Todd Whitman, Governor of New Jersey
National polling
Results
Statewide
Nationwide
Popular vote result:- George W. Bush – 12,034,676
- John McCain – 6,061,332
- Alan Keyes – 985,819
- Steve Forbes – 171,860
- Unpledged delegates – 61,246
- Gary Bauer – 60,709
- Orrin Hatch – 15,958
Notable endorsements
;George W. Bush
- Senate Majority Leader Trent Lott from Mississippi
- Former HUD Secretary and 1996 Vice Presidential nominee Jack Kemp from New York
- Senator Bob Smith from New Hampshire
- Former Governor and White House Chief of Staff John H. Sununu of New Hampshire
- Governor Jane Dee Hull of Arizona
- Governor John Engler of Michigan
- Senator John Warner from Virginia
- Governor Jim Gilmore of Virginia
- Senator John Ashcroft from Missouri
- Governor Paul Cellucci of Massachusetts
- Governor Tommy Thompson of Wisconsin
- Representative John Thune from South Dakota
- Senator Jon Kyl from Arizona
- Senator Fred Thompson of Tennessee
- Senator Mike DeWine from Ohio
- Senator Chuck Hagel from Nebraska
- Representative Lindsey Graham from South Carolina
- Representative Mark Sanford from South Carolina
- Representative Peter T. King from New York
- Staten Island Borough President Guy Molinari
- Governor Gary Johnson of New Mexico
- Representative Bob Barr from Georgia
- Representative Roscoe Bartlett from Maryland
- Ohio Secretary of State Ken Blackwell
- Sarah Palin, mayor of Wasilla, Alaska
- Representative Tom Coburn from Oklahoma
- Senator Robert Foster Bennett from Utah
- Governor Mike Huckabee of Arkansas
- Former Governor Terry Branstad of Iowa
;John Kasich
- Mike DeWine
- Senator George Voinovich from Ohio
- Representative John Boehner from Ohio