2012 North Kosovo referendum


An advisory referendum on accepting the institutions of the Republic of Kosovo was held in the Serb-dominated regions of North Kosovo on 14 and 15 February 2012. The referendum was held in Zubin Potok, Zvečan and Kosovska Mitrovica on both days, while Leposavić voted on 15 February. The voting ran from 7:00 to 19:00 on both days. 15 February is also symbolically Serbia's Statehood Day. The result saw 99.74% of voters reject the writ of the Republic of Kosovo's institutions. The poll was rejected by the governments of both Serbia and Kosovo.

Background

Though North Kosovo, as part of the Assembly of the Community of Municipalities of the Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija, adheres to the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1244, it opposed the unilateral 2008 Kosovo declaration of independence. The referendum was announced on December 25, 2011, by Kosovska Mitrovica Mayor Krstimir Pantić, to ascertain local opinion about the writ of the Republic of Kosovo's institutions.
Both the European Union and Serbia were against the referendum. Kosovan Serbs feared that Serbia opposed the referendum in order to win support for accession to the EU, a condition of which is to resolve the Kosovo dispute. The notion was however rejected by Serbian President Boris Tadic and the Minister of State for Kosovo Oliver Ivanovic. The parliament of Kosovo passed a motion declaring the referendum invalid.
Similarly, the Foreign Ministry of Albania expressed concern about holding a referendum organised by the Serbian parallel structures and that they claimed was inspired by Belgrade. It said that the referendum was not legal and would have no judicial effect, it would also allegedly not serve the interest of ethnic communities to socially, economically and politically integrate within Kosovo.
Milan Ivanovic, the president of the Serbian National Council of Kosovo and Metohija, criticised Serbia proper for having failed in its Kosovo policy while sticking by the decision to democratically demonstrate the view of the Serbs of north Kosovo.

North Kosovo barricades

The Republic of Kosovo sought to impose its customs officials in the administrative border crossings with Serbia. Kosovar Serbs, seeking the removal of Republic of Kosovo customs officials, sought to erect roadblocks to make travel difficult for KFOR troops in the area that sought to maintain civil order.

Question

Election

The referendum was held in four municipalities with a Serbian majority in the north of Kosovo, with 35,500 eligible voters. Some of the voting papers were also in the Albanian language.
There were 82 voting stations: 13 in Kosovska Mitrovica, 11 in Zvečan, 25 in Zubin Potok, and 33 in Leposavić.
According to Ljuba Radović, referendum commission's spokesman, there currently was no information on whether ethnic Albanians will take part in the referendum, though three villages in the Zvečan municipality, which are of a Kosovar Albanian majority, have said that they will not take part.

Results

Aftermath

On 1 March, the accession of Serbia to the European Union was given "candidate status" on the premise of progress over the Kosovo dispute.