Presidential elections were held in Egypt between 26 and 28 March 2018, though Egyptians abroad voted from 16 to 18 March 2018. On 19 January, incumbent President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi formally announced he would run for a second and final term. El-Sisi won the election with 97% of the vote. A runoff would have taken place 19 to 21 April outside the country and 24 to 26 April within the country. Fourteen human rights groups dismissed the poll as "farcical". They said the authorities had "trampled over even the minimum requirements for free and fair elections", stifling basic freedoms and eliminating key challengers.
Electoral system
The president of Egypt is elected using the two-round system. The winner will be announced on 2 April. If a run-off is needed, the final result will be announced on 1 May 2018. If only one person runs for the presidency, he or she can win with a yes vote from five percent of the eligible voters.
Abdel Fattah el-Sisi is the incumbent president of Egypt. Sisi gained his office by leading the military's 2013 coup of Egypt's first democratically elected president, Mohamed Morsi, and winning a sham election in 2014. In the announcement of his candidacy he stated, "There are people I know who are corrupt, I will not allow them to come near this chair.” President Sisi has received the endorsement of 464 members of Egyptian Parliament, approximately two thirds of the body.
Ghad Party chairman Moussa Mostafa Moussa, a pro-Sisi politician who had an active role in collecting nomination pledges for Sisi’s second term until 20 January, announced that he found endorsements from 26 members of parliament, as well as 47,000 signatures from the public although he declared his intention to run just a day before the deadline of the elections commission. Moussa submitted his nomination pledges and official paperwork to the commission just 15 minutes before the deadline. In an interview with Egypt Today, Mussa said he was not a “phony” candidate and that he had “a vision that can be achieved by being part of the system.”
Khaled Ali, a human rights lawyer, the former head of the Egyptian Center for Economic and Social Rights and 2012 presidential candidate, announced his intention to run for the presidency on 6 November 2017. Ali withdrew on 24 January 2018 after the arrest of another candidate, Sami Anan. He had also been convicted of making "an obscene gesture" outside a courthouse and was in the appeal process.
Sami Hafez Anan, a former Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces, officially announced his candidacy in a on 19 January 2018. He was arrested on 23 January after being accused by the Egyptian Armed Forces of forging his release from military service. It is illegal in Egypt for active military personnel to participate in politics. Anan retired from military service in 2012 after being removed by then-president Mohamed Morsi. The Defense Ministry claims that it has documentation that he is still a reserve member of the military. Anan's campaign manager claimed in a television interview that Anan had submitted the paperwork to request a discharge from his reserve status, and said Anan had followed the precedent set by President Sisi in his 2014 run.
Supporters of former presidential candidates Sami Hafez Anan and Khaled Ali faced difficulties in registering pledges for them. Sisi exerted pressure on former presidential candidates so that they would not run against him. According to Foreign Policy: "The March vote will in no way confirm President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi’s popularity among the Egyptian people. This election campaign is merely an extension of the internal power struggle among the military and the regime’s security services, and it has nothing to do with democratic mechanisms worthy of the name."
Results
Following the elections, it was reported that large number of spoilt ballot papers, possibly more than a million, involved voters crossing out both names and writing that of football player Mohamed Salah.
