22nd United States Congress
The 22nd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1831, to March 4, 1833, during the third and fourth years of Andrew Jackson's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Fourth Census of the United States in 1820. Both chambers had a Jacksonian majority.
Major events
- December 28, 1832: Vice President John C. Calhoun resigned. The first Vice President of the United States to do so.
- Nullification Crisis
Major legislation
- July 14, 1832: Tariff of 1832, ch. 227,
- March 2, 1833: Tariff of 1833, ch. 55,
- March 2, 1833: Force Bill, ch. 57,
Party summary
Senate
House of Representatives
Leadership
Senate
- President: John C. Calhoun, resigned December 28, 1832; thereafter vacant.
- President pro tempore: Samuel Smith, first elected December 5, 1831
- * Littleton W. Tazewell, elected July 9, 1832
- * Hugh Lawson White, elected December 3, 1832
House of Representatives
- Speaker: Andrew Stevenson
Members
Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1832; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 1834; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring re-election in 1836.[List of [United States Senators from Alabama|Alabama]]
- 2. William R. D. King
- 3. Gabriel Moore
Connecticut">List of United States Senators from Connecticut">Connecticut
- 1. Samuel A. Foote
- 3. Gideon Tomlinson
Delaware">List of United States Senators from Delaware">Delaware
- 1. Arnold Naudain
- 2. John M. Clayton
Georgia">List of United States Senators from Georgia">Georgia
- 2. George M. Troup
- 3. John Forsyth
Illinois">List of United States Senators from Illinois">Illinois
- 2. John M. Robinson
- 3. Elias K. Kane
Indiana">List of United States Senators from Indiana">Indiana
- 1. Robert Hanna, from August 19, 1831 - January 3, 1832
- * John Tipton, from January 3, 1832
- 3. William Hendricks
Kentucky">List of United States Senators from Kentucky">Kentucky
- 2. George M. Bibb
- 3. Henry Clay, from November 10, 1831
Louisiana">List of United States Senators from Louisiana">Louisiana
- 2. Edward Livingston, until May 24, 1831
- * George A. Waggaman, from November 15, 1831
- 3. Josiah S. Johnston
Maine">List of United States Senators from Maine">Maine
- 1. John Holmes
- 2. Peleg Sprague
Maryland">List of United States Senators from Maryland">Maryland
- 1. Samuel Smith
- 3. Ezekiel F. Chambers
Massachusetts">List of United States Senators from Massachusetts">Massachusetts
- 1. Daniel Webster
- 2. Nathaniel Silsbee
Mississippi">List of United States Senators from Mississippi">Mississippi
- 1. Powhatan Ellis, until July 16, 1832
- * John Black, from November 12, 1832
- 2. George Poindexter
Missouri">List of United States Senators from Missouri">Missouri
- 1. Thomas H. Benton
- 3. Alexander Buckner
New Hampshire">List of United States Senators from New Hampshire">New Hampshire
- 2. Samuel Bell
- 3. Isaac Hill
New Jersey">List of United States Senators from New Jersey">New Jersey
- 1. Mahlon Dickerson
- 2. Theodore Frelinghuysen
New York">List of United States Senators from New York">New York
- 1. Charles E. Dudley
- 3. William L. Marcy, until January 1, 1833
- * Silas Wright, Jr., from January 4, 1833
North Carolina">List of United States Senators from North Carolina">North Carolina
- 2. Bedford Brown
- 3. Willie P. Mangum
Ohio">List of United States Senators from Ohio">Ohio
- 1. Benjamin Ruggles
- 3. Thomas Ewing
Pennsylvania">List of United States Senators from Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania
- 1. Isaac D. Barnard, until December 6, 1831
- * George M. Dallas, from December 13, 1831
- 3. William Wilkins
Rhode Island">List of United States Senators from Rhode Island">Rhode Island
- 1. Asher Robbins
- 2. Nehemiah R. Knight
South Carolina">List of United States Senators from South Carolina">South Carolina
- 2. Robert Y. Hayne, until December 3, 1832
- * John C. Calhoun, from December 29, 1832
- 3. Stephen D. Miller, until March 2, 1833, vacant for remainder of term
Tennessee">List of United States Senators from Tennessee">Tennessee
- 1. Felix Grundy
- 2. Hugh Lawson White
Vermont">List of United States Senators from Vermont">Vermont
- 1. Horatio Seymour
- 3. Samuel Prentiss
Virginia">List of United States Senators from Virginia">Virginia
- 1. John Tyler
- 2. Littleton W. Tazewell, until July 16, 1832
- * William C. Rives, from December 10, 1832
House of Representatives
The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.[List of [United States Representatives from Alabama|Alabama]]
- . Clement C. Clay
- . Samuel W. Mardis
- . Dixon H. Lewis
Connecticut">List of United States Representatives from Connecticut">Connecticut
- . Noyes Barber
- . William W. Ellsworth
- . Jabez W. Huntington
- . Ralph I. Ingersoll
- . William L. Storrs
- . Ebenezer Young
Delaware">List of United States Representatives from Delaware">Delaware
- . John J. Milligan
Georgia">List of United States Representatives from Georgia">Georgia
- . Thomas F. Foster
- . Henry G. Lamar
- . Wilson Lumpkin, until ????, 1831
- * Augustin S. Clayton, from January 21, 1832
- . Daniel Newnan
- . Wiley Thompson
- . James M. Wayne
- . Richard Henry Wilde
Illinois">List of United States Representatives from Illinois">Illinois
- . Joseph Duncan
Indiana">List of United States Representatives from Indiana">Indiana
- . Ratliff Boon
- . John Carr
- . Johnathan McCarty
Kentucky">List of United States Representatives from Kentucky">Kentucky
- . Henry Daniel
- . Thomas A. Marshall
- . Chilton Allan
- . Robert P. Letcher
- . Richard M. Johnson
- . Joseph Lecompte
- . John Adair
- . Nathan Gaither
- . Charles A. Wickliffe
- . Christopher Tompkins
- . Albert G. Hawes
- . Chittenden Lyon
Louisiana">List of United States Representatives from Louisiana">Louisiana
- . Edward D. White
- . Philemon Thomas
- . Henry A. Bullard
Maine">List of United States Representatives from Maine">Maine
- . Rufus McIntire
- . John Anderson
- . Edward Kavanagh
- . George Evans
- . Cornelius Holland
- . Leonard Jarvis
- . James Bates
Maryland">List of United States Representatives from Maryland">Maryland
- . Daniel Jenifer
- . Benedict J. Semmes
- . George C. Washington
- . Francis Thomas
- . Benjamin C. Howard
- . John T. H. Worthington
- . George E. Mitchell, until June 28, 1832
- * Charles S. Sewall, from October 1, 1832
- . John L. Kerr
- . John S. Spence
Massachusetts">List of United States Representatives from Massachusetts">Massachusetts
- . Nathan Appleton
- . Rufus Choate
- . Jeremiah Nelson
- . Edward Everett
- . John Davis
- . Joseph G. Kendall
- . George J. Grennell, Jr.
- . Isaac C. Bates
- . George N. Briggs
- . Henry A. S. Dearborn
- . John Quincy Adams
- . James L. Hodges
- . John Reed, Jr.
Mississippi">List of United States Representatives from Mississippi">Mississippi
- . Franklin E. Plummer
Missouri">List of United States Representatives from Missouri">Missouri
- . Spencer D. Pettis, until August 28, 1831
- * William H. Ashley, from October 31, 1831
New Hampshire">List of United States Representatives from New Hampshire">New Hampshire
- . John Brodhead
- . Thomas Chandler
- . Joseph Hammons
- . Joseph M. Harper
- . Henry Hubbard
- . John W. Weeks
New Jersey">List of United States Representatives from New Jersey">New Jersey
- . Lewis Condict
- . Silas Condit
- . Richard M. Cooper
- . Thomas H. Hughes
- . James F. Randolph
- . Isaac Southard
New York">List of United States Representatives from New York">New York
- . James Lent, until February 22, 1833, vacant thereafter
- . John T. Bergen
- . Churchill C. Cambreleng
- . Gulian C. Verplanck
- . Campbell P. White
- . Aaron Ward
- . Edmund H. Pendleton
- . Samuel J. Wilkin
- . John C. Brodhead
- . John King
- . Job Pierson
- . Gerrit Y. Lansing
- . Erastus Root
- . Joseph Bouck
- . William G. Angel
- . Samuel Beardsley
- . Michael Hoffman
- . Nathan Soule
- . John W. Taylor
- . Nathaniel Pitcher
- . William Hogan
- . Charles Dayan
- . Daniel Wardwell
- . John A. Collier
- . Edward C. Reed
- . Freeborn G. Jewett
- . Ulysses F. Doubleday
- . Gamaliel H. Barstow
- . William Babcock
- . John Dickson
- . Frederick Whittlesey
- . Grattan H. Wheeler
- . Phineas L. Tracy
- . Bates Cooke
North Carolina">List of United States Representatives from North Carolina">North Carolina
- . William B. Shepard
- . John Branch, from May 12, 1831
- . Thomas H. Hall
- . Jesse Speight
- . James I. McKay
- . Robert Potter, until November ????, 1831
- * Micajah T. Hawkins, from December 15, 1831
- . Lauchlin Bethune
- . Daniel L. Barringer
- . Augustine H. Shepperd
- . Abraham Rencher
- . Henry W. Connor
- . Samuel P. Carson
- . Lewis Williams
Ohio">List of United States Representatives from Ohio">Ohio
- . James Findlay
- . Thomas Corwin
- . Joseph H. Crane
- . Joseph Vance
- . William Russell
- . William Creighton, Jr.
- . Samuel F. Vinton
- . William Stanbery
- . William W. Irvin
- . William S. Kennon, Sr.
- . Humphrey H. Leavitt
- . John Thomson
- . Elisha Whittlesey
- . Eleutheros Cooke
Pennsylvania">List of United States Representatives from Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania
- . Joel B. Sutherland
- . Henry Horn
- . John G. Watmough
- . Joshua Evans, Jr.
- . William Hiester
- . David Potts, Jr.
- . Joel K. Mann
- . John C. Bucher
- . Henry King
- . Henry A. P. Muhlenberg
- . Peter Ihrie, Jr.
- . Samuel A. Smith
- . Lewis Dewart
- . James Ford
- . Philander Stephens
- . Adam King
- . Thomas H. Crawford
- . William Ramsey, until September 29, 1831
- * Robert McCoy, from November 22, 1831
- . Robert Allison
- . George Burd
- . Andrew Stewart
- . Thomas M.T. McKennan
- . Harmar Denny
- . John Gilmore
- . Richard Coulter
- . John Banks
Rhode Island">List of United States Representatives from Rhode Island">Rhode Island
- . Tristam Burges
- . Dutee J. Pearce
South Carolina">List of United States Representatives from South Carolina">South Carolina
- . William Drayton
- . Robert W. Barnwell
- . Thomas R. Mitchell
- . John M. Felder
- . George McDuffie
- . Warren R. Davis
- . William T. Nuckolls
- . James Blair
- . John K. Griffin
Tennessee">List of United States Representatives from Tennessee">Tennessee
- . John Blair
- . Thomas D. Arnold
- . James I. Standifer
- . Jacob C. Isacks
- . William Hall
- . James K. Polk
- . John Bell
- . Cave Johnson
- . William Fitzgerald
Vermont">List of United States Representatives from Vermont">Vermont
- . Jonathan Hunt, until May 15, 1832
- * Hiland Hall, from January 1, 1833
- . Rollin C. Mallary, until April 15, 1831
- * William Slade, from November 1, 1831
- . Horace Everett
- . Heman Allen
- . William Cahoon
Virginia">List of United States Representatives from Virginia">Virginia
- . Thomas Newton, Jr.
- . John Y. Mason
- . William S. Archer
- . Mark Alexander
- . Thomas T. Bouldin
- . Thomas Davenport
- . Nathaniel H. Claiborne
- . Richard Coke, Jr.
- . Andrew Stevenson
- . William F. Gordon
- . John M. Patton
- . John J. Roane
- . Joseph W. Chinn
- . Charles F. Mercer
- . John S. Barbour
- . William Armstrong
- . Robert Allen
- . Philip Doddridge, until November 19, 1832
- * Joseph Johnson, from January 21, 1833
- . William McCoy
- . Robert Craig
- . Lewis Maxwell
- . Charles C. Johnston, until June 17, 1832
- * Joseph Draper, from December 6, 1832
Non-voting members
- . Ambrose H. Sevier
- . Joseph M. White
- . Austin E. Wing
Changes in membership
These counts reflect changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.Senate
- Replacements: 7
- * Jacksonians: no net change
- * Anti-Jacksonians: no net change
- * Nullifiers: no net change
- Deaths: 0
- Resignations: 7
- Interim appointments: 1
- Total seats with changes: 9
House of Representatives
- replacements: 9
- * Jacksonians: 1-seat net gain
- * Anti-Jacksonians: 2-seat net loss
- * Anti-Masonics: 1-seat net gain
- deaths: 8
- resignations: 2
- contested election: 0
- Total seats with changes: 11
Committees
Senate
- Accounts of James Monroe
- Agriculture
- Amending the Constitution on the Election of the President and Vice President
- Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate
- Claims
- Commerce
- Distributing Public Revenue Among the States
- District of Columbia
- Dueling
- Engrossed Bills
- Finance
- Foreign Relations
- French Spoilations
- Impeachment of James H. Peck
- Indian Affairs
- Judiciary
- Manufactures
- Memorial of the Manufacturers Iron
- Mileage of Members of Congress
- Military Affairs
- Militia
- Naval Affairs
- Nomination of Amos Kendall
- Pensions
- Post Office Department
- Post Office and Post Roads
- Private Land Claims
- Public Lands
- Roads and Canals
- Tariff Regulation
- Whole
House of Representatives
- Accounts
- Agriculture
- American Colonization Society
- Claims
- Commerce
- District of Columbia
- Elections
- Establishing an Assay Office in the Gold Region
- Expenditures in the Navy Department
- Expenditures in the Post Office Department
- Expenditures in the State Department
- Expenditures in the Treasury Department
- Expenditures in the War Department
- Expenditures on Public Buildings
- Foreign Affairs
- Indian Affairs
- Judiciary
- Manufactures
- Military Affairs
- Naval Affairs
- Post Office and Post Roads
- Public Expenditures
- Public Lands
- Revisal and Unfinished Business
- Revolutionary Claims
- Revolutionary Pensions
- Rules
- Standards of Official Conduct
- Territories
- Ways and Means
- Whole
Joint committees
- Enrolled Bills
- The Library
Employees
- Librarian of Congress: John Silva Meehan
Senate
- Chaplain: Henry V. Johns, until December 19, 1831
- * John P. Durbin, elected December 19, 1831
- * Charles C. Pise, elected December 11, 1832
- Secretary: Walter Lowrie
- Sergeant at Arms: Mountjoy Bayly
House of Representatives
- Chaplain: Ralph R. Gurley, until December 13, 1831
- * Reuben Post elected December 13, 1831
- * William Hammett, elected December 12, 1832
- Clerk: Matthew St. Clair Clarke
- Doorkeeper: Overton Carr, elected December 5, 1831
- Reading Clerks:
- Sergeant at Arms: John O. Dunn