619

By place

Byzantine Empire

• Byzantine–Sasanian War: The besieged city of Alexandria is captured by the Persians. Nicetas, cousin of Emperor Heraclius, and Chalcedonian patriarch, John V, flee to Cyprus. King Khosrow II extends his rule southwards along the Nile.
• Heraclius prepares to leave Constantinople and moves the Byzantine capital to Carthage, but is convinced to stay by Sergius I, patriarch of Constantinople. He begins to rebuild the Byzantine army with the aid of funds from church treasures.
• The Avars attack the outskirts of Constantinople. Numerous Slavic tribes rebel against Avar overlordship; they carve out their own sovereign territory in Moravia and Lower Austria.

  Asia

• The Meccan boycott of the Hashemites and Muhammad ends.
• November 2 - Tang campaigns against the Western Turks: A khagan of the Western Turkic Khaganate is assassinated in a Chinese palace by Eastern Turkic rivals, with the approval of Emperor Gaozu of Tang.

  By topic

Arts and sciences

• The calculation of the Chinese calendar begins to use true motions of the sun and moon, modeled using two offset opposing parabolas.
• The Chinese begin using large orchestras.

  Religion

• December 23 - Pope Boniface V succeeds Adeodatus I as the 69th pope of Rome.
• Muhammad's wife, Khadija, dies after 24 years of marriage in the Year of Sorrow.
• Kubrat, ruler of the Bulgars, is baptised in Constantinople.
• Mellitus becomes Archbishop of Canterbury.