It was developed by KB Tochmash as a successor to 9K35 Strela-10, and is a cheaper alternative to the Tor missile system and Pantsir-S1. Designed to work in passive mode with the help of different imaging systems and a laser rangefinder in order to find and engage a target, Sosna-R is able to operate effectively under the control of various types of old, modern and prospective battery command posts, the most preferable of which is the FPU "Assembly-M1-2" and is resistant to jamming. It uses a tracked SAM launcher with 12 missiles of 10 km range and altitude of 10 km, based on the MT-LB vehicle. Those 12 missiles can be reloaded in 12 minutes. The serial production version is based on the BMP-3 IFV. The Sosna can also deliver fire while on the move. The system has a crew of two: the driver and gunner. The system is armed with 12 9M340 missiles that are held in their transport-launch containers and arranged in two banks of six. Sosna-R hyper-velocity beam rider 38 kg missiles are two-stage, capable of destroying aircraft, helicopters, missiles, cruise missiles, aerial bombs, small-sized air attack weapons including elements of high-precision weapons and light armored vehicles. The missile can change direction mid-flight. It also has a combined impact/proximity laserfuze. Its payload is made up of two warheads weighing a total of 7 kg. The fragmented-rod warhead is designed for proximity detonation when flying close to the target, while the armor-piercing/fragmentation warhead goes off on impact. The system has high resistance to jamming and besides its passive mode of operation it can be equipped with additional small-size acquisition radar. The Palma anti-aircraft artillery system features integrated armament that comprises eight Sosna-R precision surface-to-air missiles with laser beam guidance and two AO-18KDE rapid-fire guns. As a defense component, the Palma is designated to defend both ships and naval bases, coastal infrastructure and aerodromes, and also other vital facilities.
Range
Within 8–10 km.
Variants
Sosna A weapon module for MBT, IFV, APC, AFV
Sosna RA for AFV, MBT, IFV, APC
Palash CIWS
Palma CIWS - the deliveries of the systems to the Russian Navy and foreign navies started in 2011.