Aïcirits-Camou-Suhast
Aïcirits-Camou-Suhast is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in southwestern France.
The people of the commune are known as Aiziriztar.
Geography
Location
The commune is part of the Mixe country in the French Basque Country of Lower Navarre. It is located immediately north of Saint-Palais. Highway D29 runs north from Saint-Palais through the entire commune from south to north and passing through the town. The D529 Highway runs east from the commune to its junction with Highway D134. Highway D933 enters the commune in the southeast and runs north along the eastern side of the commune to exit in the north.Hydrography
The commune is located in the Drainage basin of the Adour and is watered by the Bidouze, a tributary of the Adour, and it has its tributaries: the Joyeuse and the Eyherachar and Recalde streams.Places and Hamletshttp://www.geoportail.gouv.fr/accueil?c=-1.0225,43.3378&z=7.92265E-5&l=GEOGRAPHICALGRIDSYSTEMS.MAPS.3D$GEOPORTAIL:OGC:WMTS@aggregate(1)&l=ADMINISTRATIVEUNITS.BOUNDARIES$GEOPORTAIL:OGC:WMTS(1)&permalink=yes Géoportail, IGN">Institut géographique national">IGN
- Aguerria
- Ahano
- Aïcirits
- Aiherguy
- Berhouet
- Blazy
- Bordaberry
- Camou
- Capou
- Changartia
- Chourry
- Christy
- Coutrenia
- Elgartemix
- Enauthardy
- Errecaldia
- Escutary
- Esquilamborda
- Etchart
- Etchebestia
- Etchecoin
- Etchegorria
- Eyhera
- Eyherabidia
- Goyhenetchia
- Halsague
- L'Hippodrome
- Hourcadette
- Ihitzague
- Ilhardoy
- Jauberria
- Larrabure
- Larramendy
- Larrania
- Larrartia
- Longynia
- Mandachainia
- Mendiburia
- Mocoroua
- Oyhenart
- Sagaspe
- Salha
- Salle
- Suhast
- Tocoua
- Tolospia
- Ttarga
Toponymy
For Aïcirits, Jean-Baptiste Orpustan proposed the Basque etymology aitz, meaning "high" and aratze, meaning "fern patch", giving "high fern patch" or "rocky fern patch".
He also indicated that Suhast may come from zuhaztoi, meaning "plantation of trees".
The inhabitants of Camou are known as Gamuar and the inhabitants of Suhast are known as Zohaztiar.
The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.
Name | Spelling | Date | Source | Page | Origin | Description |
Aïcirits | Sanctus Martinus de Assiriz | 1160 | Orpustan | Village | ||
Ayxiritz | 1316 | Orpustan | ||||
Aysiriz | 1350 | Orpustan | ||||
Aychiritz | 1413 | Orpustan | ||||
Ayxeriis | 1472 | Raymond | Notaries | |||
Camou | Sactus Petrus de Camono | 1160 | Orpustan | Village | ||
Camou-Mixe | 13th century | Raymond | Bayonne | |||
Camo | 1304 | Orpustan | ||||
Chamo | 1309 | Orpustan | ||||
Gamo | 1350 | Orpustan | ||||
Camo | 1413 | Orpustan | ||||
Camur | 1472 | Raymond | Notaries | |||
Camo en Micxe | 1479 | Raymond | Ohix | |||
Camo | 1519 | Raymond | Navarre | |||
Camu | 1621 | Raymond | Biscay | |||
Camon | 1621 | Ldh/EHESS/Cassini | Biscay | |||
Camou-Mixe | 1863 | Raymond | ||||
Suhast | Sancta Maria de Suhast | 1160 | Orpustan | Village | ||
Suhast | 1316 | Orpustan | ||||
Suast | 1350 | Orpustan | ||||
Suhast | 1413 | Orpustan | ||||
Suast | 1513 | Raymond | Pamplona | |||
Salha | Çalaha | 1384 | Raymond | Duchesne | Chateau and Fief, subject to the Kingdom of Navarre | |
La maison deu senhor de Salha en lo pays de Micxe | 1547 | Raymond | Navarre | |||
Uhart-Juson | Uhart-Juson | 1863 | Raymond | Fief, vassal of the Kingdom of Navarre |
Sources:
- Orpustan: Jean-Baptiste Orpustan,
- Raymond: , 1863, on the page numbers indicated in the table.
- Ldh/EHESS/Cassini:
- Notaries: Notaries of Labastide-Villefranche
- Bayonne: Cartulary of Bayonne or Livre d'Or
- Ohix:
- Navarre: Titles of the Kingdom of Navarre
- Biscay: Martin Biscay
- Pamplona: Titles of Pamplona
History
Heraldry
Administration
List of Successive Mayors of Aïcirits-Camou-SuhastFrom | To | Name | Party | Position |
1995 | 2014 | Guy Énéco | CPNT | |
2014 | Current | Chantal Erguy | CPNT |
Administrative Associations
The commune is linked to the following administrative bodies :- the catchment area of Saint-Palais
- Local Agency for Employment of Biarritz
- the social welfare fund of Bayonne
- the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Bayonne Basque Country
- the sanitation sector of Bayonne Saint-Palais-South-West-Landes
- the subdivision of the Departmental Equipment management of Saint-Palais-Bidache
Judicial Districts
Inter-communality
The commune belongs to six inter-communal structures:- the community of communes of Amikuze
- the AEP union for the Mixe country
- the energy union of Pyrenees-Atlantiques;
- the intercommunal union for regrouping of teaching "Ikas bidea"
- the intercommunal union for the operation of the schools of Amikuze
- the union to support Basque culture.
Population
Economy
Aïcirits-Camou-Suhast is classified by the INSEE among the communes which are predominantly rural areas in the hilly agricultural region of the Basque Country. It is part of a favoured agricultural area known as "simple".The registered office of the Lur Berri company, a large food cooperative group, is located in Aïcirits-Camou-Suhast.
The town is part of the designated zone of Ossau-iraty.
It also hosts other companies in the agri-food sector as one of the first fifty two communes of the department:
- Union agricultural coop feed livestock ;
- Haraguy-Bayonne ham ;
- LBO ;
- Lajournade SAS.
Culture and heritage
Languages
According to the Map of the Seven Basque Provinces published in 1863 by Prince Louis-Lucien Bonaparte, the dialect of Basque spoken in Aicirits-Camou-Suhast is eastern low Navarrese.The village has a cave at Camou closely linked to the Basque legend of Txahalgorri, the young red bull.
Civil heritage
- The former Chateau of Camou. It contains collections of ancient tools and models of machines from plans of Leonardo da Vinci.
Religious Heritage
- The Church of Saint Martin.
Notable People linked to the commune
- Martin Landerretche, born on 26 July 1842 at Bussunarits-Sarrasquette and died on 29 January 1930 at Espelette was a bascologue, a priest, writer and a Basque French academic in the Basque language. He was the pastor at Aïcirits.