Ağrı, formerly known as Karaköse from the early Turkish republican period until 1946, and before that as Karakilise, is the capital of Ağrı Province at the eastern end of Turkey, near the border with Iran. Ağrı is named after Mount Ararat . The majority of the city is formed of Kurds.
History
In the Ottoman Empire era the area was called Karakilisa. The current town centre was founded around 1860 by a group of Armenian merchants from Bitlis with the name Karakilise that became known to the local population as Karakise and this version was turned officially to Karaköse at the beginning of the Republican era. This name was changed to Ağrı by 1946. In the medieval period, the district's administrative centre was located at Alashkert, once an important town. The "kara kilise" that gave the town its name was a medieval Armenian church. In 1895 Lynch stayed in Karakilise and wrote that it had between 1500-2000 inhabitants, was nearly two-thirds Armenian, and that a barracks for a locally recruited Kurdish Hamidiyeh regiment had been recently located in the town.
Economy and infrastructure
Ağrı contains most of the industry in Ağrı Province where the main economic activity is Agriculture and Animal Husbandry. There is Ağrı Meat and Milk Factory and the ELDESAN leather factory is one of the biggest in the region. There is also a Sugar Factory, Shoe FactoryFlour Mills, Agricultural Equipment manufacturing sites, brick factory, lime factory, furniture factory, dairy factory and textile mills. In the south Ağrı counts with access to the Ağrı Ahmed-i Hani Airport in Yolluyazı. National and international flights arrive and depart from here. North of Ağrı, there is a longwave broadcasting station with 2 250 metres tall guyed masts, broadcasting on 162 kHz with 1000 kW. It is a very poor region with extremely cold winters. Most people live by grazing animals on the mountainside. Few people manage to attend university; people tend to marry in their teens and families with ten or more children are common. The local MP Fatma Salman Kotan has written of the need to erode the patriarchal nature of society in the region.
Climate
Ağrı has a warm-dry summer continental climate under Köppen and a warm summer continental climateTrewartha classification. Summers are generally brief but warm with cool nights. The average high temperature in August is roughly. Winters are very cold. The average low January temperature is. It snows a lot in winter, staying for an average of four months in the city. The highest recorded temperature was on 10 August 1961. The lowest recorded temperature in Ağrı was on 20 January 1972. The highest recorded snow thickness was 225 cm on 21 February 1985.
