Aegyo in Korean refers to a cute display of affection often expressed including but not limited to through a cute/baby voice, facial expressions, and gestures. Aegyo literally means behaving in a flirtatious, coquette-ish manner and it is commonly expected for both male and femalek-pop idols to behave this way. However, it is not uncommon for everyday people to behave in such a way, and is widely used as an expression of affection to loved ones, families, and friends. Aegyo can also display closeness with others, which can possibly bring people together. The word is often translated as cuteness in English and can be compared to the Chinese concept of sājiāo 撒娇, or the Japanese concept of kawaii or to the Japanese equivalent, aikyou.
Background
Aegyo plays a huge role in South Korean popular culture, especially in idol girl groups. The higher-registered girl voice popular in girl groups in Korea has been dominant since the first successful female k-pop group S.E.S. emerged in 1997. This style has grown in popularity since then. A famous example of that exaggerated cuteness that is aegyo is the Girls' Generationmusic video for "Gee", which features much use of hands pointing at, touching and framing the face when showing the girls in turn. The first of their many song and dance videos, many of Gee's dance moves are based on aegyo. Aegyo as a personaltrait of Girls' Generation member Sunny was described as "cuteness that calls for a punch," not as an actual complaint, but as a recognition of the degree to which aegyo can be taken. Although more common among female idol groups, male groups often perform aegyo as part of their fanservice. The maknae, or youngest member of a group, is often the one encouraged to perform aegyo. Another member may get a better response from fans, or be better suited due to physical or emotional characteristics. For some performers, aegyo is merely an extension of their own normal behavior, encouraged by the groups' producers. As performers evolve from "youth" to "young adult" images, the aegyo in their performances often evolves, becoming an almost-nostalgic homage to the performers' earlier stage image. They will "put on the character" briefly for fun and to satisfy fan expectation, in the same way they will sing their earliest hits. Some traces of aegyo will continue as persistent traits. A pro-forma version of aegyo may become tradition for certain circumstances, such as when idols perform the "Gwiyomi" song, with actions made popular by the South Korean rapper Jung Ilhoon of BtoB. Puzar argues that aegyoin popular culture affects how young South Korean women act, especially in romantic relationships. Using cute hand gestures and expressions in photos, for example, are commonly seen behaviors in many young women in South Korea.
