Al Jawhara bint Musaed was from the Al Jiluwis, a cadet branch of the Al Saud. The family, Al Jiluwi, are significant for Al Sauds since it is composed of the descendants of the younger brother of King Ibn Saud's grandfather Faisal bin Turki Al Saud. The roots of the Al Jiluwis trace back to Prince Jiluwi bin Turki bin Abdallah, who served as the governor of Unayzah during the late 1700s. Both families, Al Jiluwi and Al Sudairi, were strong supporters of the Al Saud in the early years of state formation. The members of Al Jiluwis allied themselves with King Abdulaziz to eliminate the threat posed by the Al Kabir clan. For instance, Abdullah Al Jiluwi served as King Ibn Saud's deputy commander and helped him in the conquest of the eastern region of Arabia. He served as the governor of the Eastern Province from 1913 to 1938. Then, his son Saud bin Abdullah became the governor of this province. Next, his another son, Abdul Muhsin bin Abdullah Al Jiluwi, served as the governor of the province from 1967 to 1985 until being replaced by Prince Muhammed bin Fahd. Additionally, the members of Al Jiluwis intermarried with the Al Sauds. More specifically, the spouses of late King Faisal, late King Fahd, late King Abdullah, late Prince Sultan and late Prince Nayef were all members of Al Jiluwi clan. Al Jawhara was the daughter of Musaed, a nephew of Faisal bin Turki Al Saud. Her mother was Hussa bint Abdallah bin Turki Al Turki, and her paternal grandmother, Noura bint Ahmed Al Sudairi, was also from another powerful family, Al Sudairi. In addition, she was the sister of King Abdulaziz's mother, Sarah bint Ahmed Al Sudairi. The brother of Al Jawhara, Abdulaziz bin Musaed, was one of former governors of Hail Province. The niece of Al Jawhara, Al Jawhara bint Abdulaziz bin Musaed Al Jiluwi, was the wife of late Prince Nayef and the mother of Prince Saud and Prince Mohammad, former crown prince of Saudi Arabia.
Marriage
Al Jawhara bint Musaed was one of the King Ibn Saud's favorite wives. They were married in 1908 when she was seventeen years old. She was the fourth spouse of King Ibn Saud. It was the only marriage of King Ibn Saud to one of the Al Saud or a close relative. Their marriage produced three children; Prince Mohammad, King Khalid and Princess Al Anoud. Her daughter, Al Anoud, married to the sons of Saad bin Abdul Rahman. She first married Saud bin Saad. After Saud died, she married Fahd bin Saad. Al Jawhara bint Musaed was extremely interested in horse riding and breeding. She formed a stable within the palace in Riyadh. She also hired the best Najdi horse riders to train cavalry who in turn contributed significantly in King Abdulaziz's attempts to unify Saudi Arabia. In Spring 1913 before the capture of Al Hasa King Abdulaziz was in Hofuf and sent an ode to Al Jawhara. She was special for King Ibn Saud due to several reasons. First, Al Jawharah was King Ibn Saud's cousin. Secondly, she was chosen by King Ibn Saud's mother as a wife for him. And lastly, she died at young age.
Death
Al Jawhara bint Musaed died in Riyadh in 1919 in the flu epidemic, which also killed Prince Turki bin Abdulaziz, eldest son of King Ibn Saud. Her room in the palace was kept, not allowing anyone to enter except for King Ibn Saud's sister, Nuora. Al Jawhara bint Musaid's death is reported to make King Abdulaziz so sad and devastated that he cried. In private meetings with his friends King Abdulaziz talked about her stating that she was a great companion for him during the difficult times of establishing his rule.
