Alexis was a Greek comic poet of the Middle Comedy period. He was born at Thurii in Magna Graecia and taken early to Athens, where he became a citizen, being enrolled in the demeOion and the tribe Leontides. It is thought he lived to the age of 106 and died on the stage while being crowned. According to the Suda, a 10th-century encyclopedia, Alexis was the paternal uncle of the dramatist Menander and wrote 245 comedies, of which only fragments now survive, including some 130 preserved titles.
Life
It was said he had a son, called Stephanus, who also wrote comedies. He appears to have been rather addicted to the pleasures of the table, according to Athenaeus. He won his first Lenaean victory in the 350s BC, most likely, where he was sixth after Eubulus, and fourth after Antiphanes. While being a Middle Comic poet, Alexis was contemporary with several leading figures of New Comedy, such as Philippides, Philemon, Diphilus, and even Menander. There is also some evidence that, during his old age, he wrote plays in the style of New Comedy. Plutarch says that he lived to the age of 106 and 5 months, and that he died on the stage while being crowned victor. He was certainly alive after 345 BC, for Aeschines mentions him as alive in that year. He was also living at least as late as 288 BC, from which his birth date is calculated. According to the Suda he wrote 245 comedies, of which only fragments including some 130 titles survive. His plays include Meropis, Ankylion, Olympiodoros, Parasitos, Agonis, and the Adelphoi and the Stratiotes, in which he satirized Demosthenes, and acted shortly after 343 BC. Also Hippeis , Pyraunos, Pharmakopole , Hypobolimaios, and Ankylion. Because he wrote a lot of plays, the same passages often appear in more than 3 plays. It was said that he also borrowed from Eubulus and many other playwrights in some of his plays. According to Carytius of Pergamum, Alexis was the first to use the part of the parasite. Alexis was known in Roman times; Aulus Gellius noted that Alexis' poetry was used by Roman comedians, including Turpilius and possibly Plautus.
Surviving titles and fragments
Only fragments have survived from any of Alexis's plays – about 340 in all, totaling about 1,000 lines. They attest to the author's wit and refinement, which Athenaeus praises. The surviving fragments also show that Alexis invented a great many words, mostly compound words, that he used normal words in an unusual way, and made strange and unusual forms of common words. The main sources of the fragments of Alexis are Stobaeus and Athenaeus. The following 139 titles of Alexis's plays have been preserved:
Achaiis
Adelphoi
Agonis, or Hippiskos
Aichmalotos
Aiopoloi
Aisopos
Aleiptria
Ampelourgos
Amphotis
Ankylion
Anteia
Apeglaukomenos
Apobates
Apokoptomenos
Archilochos
Asklepiokleides
Asotodidaskalos
Atalante
Atthis
Bomos
Bostrychos
Brettia
Choregis
Daktylios
Demetrios, or Philetairus
Diapleousai
Didymoi
Dis Penthon
Dorkis, or Poppyzousa
Dropides
Eis To Phrear
Eisoikizomenos
Ekkeryttomenos
Ekpomatopoios
Epidaurios
Epikleros
Epistole
Epitropos
Eretrikos
Erithoi, or Pannychis
Galateia
Graphe
Gynaikokratia
Helene
Helenes Arpage
Helenes Mnesteres
Hellenis
Hepta Epi Thebais
Hesione
Hippeis
Homoia
Hypnos
Hypobolimaios
Iasis
Isostasion
Kalasiris
Karchedonios
Katapseudomenos
Kaunioi
Keryttomenos
Kitharodos
Kleobouline
Knidia
Koniates
Kouris
Krateuas, or Pharmakopoles
Kybernetes
Kybeutai
Kyknos
Kyprios
Lampas
Lebes
Leukadia, or Drapetai
Leuke
Lemnia
Linos
Lokroi
Lykiskos
Mandragorizomene
Manteis
Meropis
Midon
Milesia
Milkon
Minos
Mylothros
Odysseus Aponizomenos
Odysseus Hyphainon
Olympiodoros
Olynthia
Opora
Orchestris
Orestes
Pallake
Pamphile
Pankratiastes
Parasitos
Pezonike
Phaidon, or Phaidrias
Phaidros
Philathenaios
Philiskos
Philokalos, or Nymphai
Philotragodos
Philousa
Phryx
Phygas
Poietai
Poietria
Polykleia
Ponera
Pontikos
Proskedannymenos
Protochoros
Pseudomenos
Pylaia
Pyraunos
Pythagorizousa
Rhodion, or Poppyzousa
Sikyonios
Skeiron
Sorakoi
Spondophoros
Stratiotes
Synapothneskontes
Syntrechontes
Syntrophoi
Syrakosios
Tarantinoi
Thebaioi
Theophoretos
Thesprotoi
Theteuontes
Thrason
Titthe
Tokistes, or Katapseudomenos
Traumatias
Trophonios
Tyndareos
Editions of fragments
Augustus Meineke. Poetarum Graecorum comicorum fragmenta,.
Theodor Kock. Comicorum Atticorum fragmenta, i..
Colin Austin and Rudolf Kassel. Poetae Comici Graeci. vol. 2.