Alfred SmeeFRS, FRCS was an English surgeon, chemist, metallurgist, electrical researcher and inventor. He was also an orchid enthusiast. Born the second son of William Smee, accountant-general to the Bank of England, Alfred Smee entered in November 1829 St Paul's School, London and in October 1834 became a medical student at King's College, London. During most of his student life, he lived at his father's official residence within the Bank of England and there did research on chemistry and electro-metallurgy which made him famous a few years later. After King's College, he entered St Bartholomew's Hospital, became a surgical assistant to Sir William Lawrence, 1st Baronet, and received in April 1840 his diploma as a member of the Royal College of Surgeons. Smee became a consulting surgeon at the London Institution and specialised in diseases of the eye. During this time as a consulting surgeon he also continued his chemical and electro-metallurgical research and developed the Smee's battery, for which he was awarded the gold Isis medal from the Society of Arts. In 1840 he published a valuable treatise on electro-metallury dealing with the principles of reduction of metals in different states. His 1849 treatise Elements of Electro-Biology was a pioneering effort in electrical physiology and in 1850 a popular version was published with the title Instinct and Reason. At the London Institution he helped to establish in 1854 a long-lived system of educational lectures. Smee is credited with the first sighting of the Great Comet of 1861 in the northern hemisphere. In the later part of his life Smee maintained an experimental garden at Wallington Bridge, in the hamlet of Wallington, in the parish of Beddington, in the county of Surrey; the garden covered 7.925 acres of land and water. He married Elizabeth Hutchison on 2 June 1840 in London. They had a son and two daughters. Elizabeth Mary Smee married William Odling and published a memoir of her father in 1878. Alfred Hutchison Smee became a physician who was elected a Fellow of the Chemical Society and a Fellow of the Royal Statistical Society. Alfred Hutchison Smee cultivated orchids and created experimental hybrids; the orchid Saccolabium smeeanum Rchb. f. is named for him.
Selected publications
Elements of Electro-Metallurgy, London, 1840; 2nd edition 1843; 3rd edition 1851, translated into Welsh, 1852.
On the Detection of Needles … impacted in the Human Body, London, 1845.
A Sheet of Instructions as to the proper Treatment of Accidents and Emergencies, 1850; 10th edition undated; translated into French, Paris, 1872, and into German, Berlin, undated.
