In 2003, Kashlinskaya took the silver medal at the European Youth Chess Championships in the Girls U10 category. In August 2010, she was part of the Russian women's team in the 7th China-Russia Match, held with the Scheveningen system. Kashlinskaya took part in the women's section of the 39th Chess Olympiad playing for Russia B team. She won an individual silver medal playing on board five. In 2011, Kashlinskaya took silver at the World Youth Chess Championships in the Girls U18 section. The following year, she placed second at the World University Chess Championship in the women's section. Later that year, in December, she took part in the 5th "Snowdrops vs Old Hands" - Czech Coal Match in Poděbrady, held with the double Scheveningen format, that opposed a team of young female players made up of Valentina Gunina, Tania Sachdev, Kashlinskaya and Kristýna Havlíková to veteran GrandmastersVlastimil Hort, Wolfgang Uhlmann, Fridrik Olafsson and Oleg Romanishin. Kashlinskaya scored 3½/8 points. In 2013, she won the Russian Junior Girls Championship and took the bronze medal in the World Junior Girls Championship. In the same year, Kashlinskaya participated in the 6th "Snowdrops vs Old Hands" match. She scored 5/8 points, helping her team "Snowdrops" to defeat the "Old Hands" with the overall score of 17½-14½. Kashlinskaya was the top scorer of the whole event. In March 2015, Kashlinskaya competed in the Women's World Chess Championshipfor the first time. She was knocked out in the first round by Shen Yang. Two months later, Kashlinskaya took bronze at the Women's European Individual Championship in Chakvi. In July, she took part in the 9th China-Russia Match and scored 2½/5, the best result among the Russians in the women's section. In September, Kashlinskaya won the 5th Krystyna Hołuj-Radzikowska Memorial – Women Grandmaster tournament in Wrocław. In October 2018, Kashlinskaya won the top women's prize at the Chess.com Isle of Man International, while her husband Wojtaszek won the main prize in the same tournament. In April 2019, she won the European Women's Individual Championship in Antalya edging out Marie Sebag, Elisabeth Pähtz, Inna Gaponenko and Antoaneta Stefanova on tiebreak score. In October, Kashlinskaya played on the reserve board for the gold winning Russian team at the European Women's Team Chess Championship 2019 in Batumi.
