Alkali metal nitrate
Alkali metal nitrates are chemical compounds consisting of an alkali metal and the nitrate ion. Only two are of major commercial value, the sodium and potassium salts. They are white, water-soluble salts with relatively similar melting points.
| Compound | Chemical Formula | Molar Mass | Melting Point | structure |
| Lithium nitrate | LiNO3 | 68.946 g/mol | 255 °C | |
| Sodium nitrate | NaNO3 | 84.9947 g/mol | 308 °C | |
| Potassium nitrate | KNO3 | 101.1032 g/mol | 334 °C | |
| Rubidium nitrate | RbNO3 | 147.473 g/mol | 310 °C | |
| Caesium nitrate | CsNO3 | 194.91 g/mol | 414 °C | |
Applications
The main uses of alkali metal nitrates are in fertilizers in the case of the sodium and potassium derivatives. They are also commonly used in explosives and pyrotechnic compositions; they are strong oxidizers. Other uses are for coloring in fireworks: caesium nitrate produces an indigo color, potassium nitrate and rubidium nitrate produce violet colors, lithium nitrate produces a red color, and sodium nitrate produces a yellow color.
Sodium and potassium nitrate are also commonly used as fertilisers.
