Amendeuix-Oneix


Amendeuix-Oneix is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in southwestern France.
The inhabitants of the commune are known as Amendüztar.

Geography

Amendeuix-Oneix is located some 50 km east by south-east of Bayonne and 40 km south-west of Orthez in the Mixe country in the former Basque province of Lower Navarre. The village can be accessed by the D124 road from Garris in the west passing northeast to the village then continuing north to join the D29. The D11 road also passes through the south of the commune from Garris to Saint-Palais. The small D511 road links the D11 to the D124 within the commune.

Hydrography

Located in the Drainage divide of the Adour, the northern part of the eastern border of the commune is the Bidouze which flows north to join the Adour west of Peyrehorade. The southern part of the eastern border consists of the Joyeuse with many tributaries rising in the commune including the Algueruko erreka, the Sallarteko erreka, and the Soubiaga erreka. The Aitzeguerris rises just south of the village and flows into the Bidouze.

Localities and hamletshttp://www.geoportail.gouv.fr/accueil?c=-1.0428,43.3547&z=7.92265E-5&l=GEOGRAPHICALGRIDSYSTEMS.MAPS.3D$GEOPORTAIL:OGC:WMTS@aggregate(1)&l=ADMINISTRATIVEUNITS.BOUNDARIES$GEOPORTAIL:OGC:WMTS(1)&permalink=yes Géoportail, IGN">Institut géographique national">IGN

The current Basque name is Amendüze-Unaso. Jean-Baptiste Orpustan suggested that Oneix means the 'place of abundant hills'. Brigitte Jobbé-Duval however suggested that Oneix came from the Basque Unanu which means the Asphodelus and signifies a "place where the asphodelus is abundant. She also suggested that the origin of Amendeuix was Aquitane-Roman to designate a noble domain.
The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.
NameSpellingDateSourcePageOriginDescription
AmendeuixSanctus Joannes de Mindus1160OrpustanVillage
Amindux1316Orpustan
Aminduch1350Orpustan
Aminduz1413Orpustan
Mendux1413Orpustan
Sent-Johan de Mendux1472Raymond
5
Notaries
Armendux1513Raymond
5
Pamplona
Amenduxs1600Raymond
5
Pau
Amendux1621Raymond
5
Biscay
OneixSanctus Petrus de Onas1160OrpustanVillage
Onnaçu1249Orpustan
Oneyx1316Orpustan
Honeis1350Orpustan
Onasso1394Orpustan
Onex1472Raymond
125
Notaries
Onecx1513Raymond
125
Pamplona
Oniz1621Raymond
125
Biscay
Onazo1863Raymond
125
Basque
HiriberryHiriberry1863Raymond
78
Hamlet
JauréguyJauréguy1863Raymond
85
Fief, Vassal of the Kingdom of Navarre
LanevieilleLa noble salle de Lanevielhe d'Amenduxs1600Raymond
91
PauFief, Vassal of the Kingdom of Navarre
Lanavieja1621Raymond
92
Biscay
Lanevieille1863Raymond
91
SallaLa Salle1863Raymond
154
Fief, Vassal of the Kingdom of Navarre

Sources:
Origins:
In the 16th century, evidence of witchcraft was reported by an admonition to the States of Navarre by the Prosecutor of Mixe, who complained of a lack of prosecution and requesting that each town or district of Lower Navarre elect "two men of good character who are not suspects to find and punish the perpetrators of these crimes of witchcraft, apostasy, and magic: to be joined with the people of Roy and all at the expense of those convicted or, in case of insolvency, to those countries and places which will be instructed". Part of this admonition followed a request from the inhabitants of Amendeuix dating from 1587 who claimed to have been victims of "spells that were manifested mainly by evil barking".
The village of Oneix joined with Amendeuix to form the commune of Amendeuix-Oneix on 27 August 1846.

Heraldry

Administration

List of Successive Mayors
FromToNamePartyPosition
18371846Jean Longy
18461848Jean-Paul Larregoyen
18481871Jean Longy
18711873Franck d'Andurain
18731884Gabriel Longy
18841885Rémy Etcheto
18851909Gabriel Longy
19091912M Sabalette
19121938Jean-Pierre Longy
19381945Auguste de Castelbajac
19591974Léon Longy
19952001Arnaud Mandagaran
20012014Armel Pierre Drouilhet

Inter-Communality

The commune belongs to seven inter-communal structures:
In 1350 nine fires were reported in Oneix and 15-18 in Amendeuix.
The fiscal census of 1412-1413, made on the orders of Charles III of Navarre, compared with that of 1551 men and weapons that are in this kingdom of Navarre this side of the ports, reveals a demography with strong growth. The first census indicated the presence of 13 fires in Amendeuix with the second showing 40. The same census reported 8 fires in Oneix in 1412-1413 against 17 in 1551.
The census of the population of Lower Navarre in 1695 counted 63 fires at Amendeuix and 20 at Oneix.
In 2009 the commune had 407 inhabitants. The evolution of the number of inhabitants is known through the population censuses conducted in the commune since 1793. From the 21st century, a census of communes with fewer than 10,000 inhabitants is held every five years, unlike larger towns that have a sample survey every year.
From 1793 to 1841 the population includes Oneix although it was still a separate commune at that time.

Economy

The commune is part of the Appellation d'origine contrôlée zone of Ossau-iraty.

Culture and Heritage

Languages

According to the Map of the Seven Basque Provinces published in 1863 by Prince Louis-Lucien Bonaparte the dialect of Basque spoken in Amendeuix-Oneix is eastern low Navarrese.

Religious heritage

Two churches in the commune are registered as historical monuments:

Education

The commune has a kindergarten.
Amendeuix, Gabat, Ilharre, and Labets-Biscay have partnered to create an inter-educational grouping.