was an English noblewoman who is credited with establishing the original shrine to Our Lady at Walsingham. Before leaving to join the Second Crusade, her son and heir, Lord Geoffrey de Faverches left the Holy House and its grounds to his chaplain, Edwin, to establish a religious house to care for the chapel of Our Lady of Walsingham. The Priory passed into the care ofAugustinian Canons somewhere between 1146 and 1174. As travelling abroad became more difficult during the time of the Crusades, Walsingham became a place of pilgrimage, ranking alongside Jerusalem, Rome and Santiago da Compostella, until it was destroyed by Henry VIII in 1538. The statue of Our Lady of Walsingham was burnt at Chelsea. Father Alfred Hope PattenSSC, appointed as the Church of England Vicar of Walsingham in 1921, ignited Anglican interest in the pre-Reformation pilgrimage. It was his idea to create a new statue of Our Lady of Walsingham based on the image depicted on the seal of the medieval priory. In 1922 the statue was set up in the Parish Church of St Mary and regular pilgrimage devotion followed. From the first night that the statue was placed there, people gathered around it to pray, asking Mary to join her prayers with theirs. Throughout the 1920s the trickle of pilgrims became a flood of large numbers for whom, eventually, the Pilgrim Hospice was opened and, in 1931, a new Holy House encased in a small pilgrimage church was dedicated and the statue translated there with great solemnity. In 1938 that church was enlarged to form the Anglican Shrine of Our Lady of Walsingham. During World War II, Walsingham was a restricted zone closed to visitors, but in May 1945, American Forces organised the first Mass in the Priory grounds since the Reformation. Father Patten combined the posts of Vicar of Walsingham and priest administrator of the Anglican shrine until his death in 1958. Enid Chadwick contributed to the artwork in the shrine.
Present day
The shrine church was substantially extended in the 1960s. The church has a holy well known for its healing properties; pilgrims receiving water from the holy well is accompanied by the laying on of hands and anointing. Water from the well is often taken home by the faithful and distributed to their family, friends and parishioners. The grounds include the shrine church, gardens, several chapels, a refectory, a café, a shrine shop, a visitors’ centre, the Pilgrim Hall, an orangery, the College, and a large number of different residential blocks for the accommodation of resident pilgrims.
Associated groups
Beyond the staff a number of groups are officially associated with the life of the shrine. These include:
The Association of Priests Associate of the Holy House, founded in 1931, an association of priests who undertake to offer Mass for the shrine and who enjoy certain privileges at the shrine; the Superior General of the Association is, ex officio, the Priest Administrator of the Shrine; since the early years of the twenty-first century full membership has also been available to deacons, as Deacons Associate of the Holy House; it has more than 2,000 members. Membership is open to male priests of any Church in communion with the See of Canterbury, and to both male and female deacons of those churches.
The Society of Our Lady of Walsingham, whose members meet in local cells around the world, and pray for the life of the shrine; it was founded in 1925; the Superior General of the Society is, ex officio, the Priest Administrator of the Shrine; members commit to the daily recitation of the Angelus, as an act of remembrance of the Shrine.
The Order of Our Lady of Walsingham, founded in 1953, its members are admitted as a reward for service to the shrine; they have special privileges at Walsingham, and meet in annual chapter; since 2000 both women and men, lay or ordained, are simply styled "member" of the order; the previously complex regalia has also been replaced with a simple cross and collarette for all members.
The College of Guardians of the Shrine, who hold capitular responsibility for the governing of the shrine; there are 20 Guardians, ordained and lay, one of whom is elected Master of the Guardians; they have distinctive regalia, including a collarette and star, and a blue velvet mantle; they are trustees of the Shrine and its registered charity; in addition to the 20 there is also a small number of honorary Guardians.
