According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of, of which is land and is water.
Communities
Elva was the name of a rural post office here from 1873 until 1903.
Demographics
At the 2010 Census, Arbela Township had a population of 3,070, as 99.6% of the population lived in households. There were 1,138 households. The racial and ethnic composition of the population was 96.5% white, 0.7% black or African American, 0.5% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 0.6% from some other race and 1.6% reporting two or more races. 1.9% of the population was Hispanic or Latino of any race. As of the census of 2000, there were 3,219 people, 1,134 households, and 906 families residing in the township. The population density was 96.3 per square mile. There were 1,169 housing units at an average density of 35.0 per square mile. The racial makeup of the township was 96.99% White, 0.28% African American, 0.65% Native American, 0.12% Asian, 0.16% Pacific Islander, 0.50% from other races, and 1.30% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.83% of the population. There were 1,134 households, out of which 36.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 69.3% were married couplesliving together, 6.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.1% were non-families. 16.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.84 and the average family size was 3.18. In the township the population was spread out, with 27.2% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 30.3% from 25 to 44, 25.8% from 45 to 64, and 9.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.5 males. The median income for a household in the township was $44,840, and the median income for a family was $51,630. Males had a median income of $38,365 versus $21,563 for females. The per capita income for the township was $17,519. About 3.2% of families and 4.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.3% of those under age 18 and 3.3% of those age 65 or over.
