Arcadia was laid out in 1849 in anticipation of a new railroad being extended to that point. It was named after the ancient region of Arcadia, in Greece. The Arcadiapost office opened in 1852.
Geography
Arcadia is located at . According to the 2010 census, Arcadia has a total area of, all land.
Demographics
2010 census
As of the 2010 census, there were 1,666 people, 612 households, and 427 families living in the town. The population density was. There were 683 housing units at an average density of. The racial makeup of the town was 97.7% White, 0.4% African American, 0.2% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 0.2% from other races, and 1.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.8% of the population. There were 612 households, of which 39.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.3% were married couplesliving together, 12.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 7.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 30.2% were non-families. 24.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.62 and the average family size was 3.07. The median age in the town was 36 years. 27.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.3% were from 25 to 44; 23.3% were from 45 to 64; and 12.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 49.9% male and 50.1% female.
As of the 2000 census, there were 1,747 people, 582 households, and 427 families living in the town. The population density was 3,176.1 people per square mile. There were 607 housing units at an average density of 1,103.5 per square mile. The racial makeup of the town was 96.22% White, 0.92% African American, 0.57% Native American, 0.23% Asian, 0.52% from other races, and 1.55% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.09% of the population. There were 582 households, out of which 38.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.9% were married couples living together, 9.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.6% were non-families. 22.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.67 and the average family size was 3.11. In the town, the population was spread out, with 26.8% under the age of 18, 7.3% from 18 to 24, 34.9% from 25 to 44, 20.8% from 45 to 64, and 10.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.5 males. The median income for a household in the town was $44,063, and the median income for a family was $48,833. Males had a median income of $35,435 versus $25,313 for females. The per capita income for the town was $17,159. About 6.0% of families and 10.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.6% of those under age 18 and 12.5% of those age 65 or over.
