Arhopala Arhopala is a very large genus of gossamer-winged butterflies . They are the type genus of the tribe Arhopalini . In the relatively wide circumscription used here, it contains over 200 species collectively known as oakblues . They occur from Japan throughout temperate to tropical Asia south and east of the Himalayas to Australia and the Solomon Islands of Melanesia . Like many of their relatives, their caterpillars are attended and protected by ants. Sexual dichromatism is often prominent in adult oakblues.Amblypodia and Flos has proven to be problematic; not all issues are resolved and the assignment of species to these genera must be considered somewhat provisional.Systematics As circumscribed here, this genus includes many formerly independent genera. Junior synonyms of Arhopala are: Acesina Moore, 1884 Aurea Evans, 1957 Daranasa Moore, 1884 Darasana Moore, 1884 "Iois" Doherty, 1899 Narathura Moore, 1879 Nilasera Moore, 1881 Panchala Moore, 1882 Satadra Moore, 1884 A. phryxus - the type species used by Jean Baptiste Boisduval when he described Arhopala in 1832 - was established at the same time as and specifically for this genus. It is considered to be a valid species of unclear affiliations, but it is suspected that Boisduval's taxon is a junior synonym of A. thamyras - the namesake of its species group - which had been described as Papilio thamyras by Carl Linnaeus already in 1764.Molecular phylogenetic studies have only sampled a fraction of the known diversity of oakblues, but as it seems at least some of the groups represent clades that could justifiably be treated as subgenera . It is also to be seen, however, if the genus is monophyletic in the loose sense as used here, or would need to be split up again.Species are listed alphabetically, while the groups are listed in the presumed phylogenetic sequence: centaurus group Arhopala acron Arhopala adherbal Grose-Smith, 1902 Arhopala admete Arhopala aexone Arhopala alkisthenes Fruhstorfer, 1914 Arhopala amantes - large oakblue Arhopala ander Arhopala araxes C. & R.Felder, Arhopala azenia Arhopala centaurus - centaur oakblue , dull oakblue Arhopala eucolpis Arhopala eurisus Arhopala kirwinii Bethune-Baker, 1903 Arhopala leander Arhopala madytus - bright oakblue Arhopala meander Boisduval, 1832 Arhopala micale Arhopala philander C. & R.Felder, Arhopala pseudocentaurus Arhopala sophrosyne Arhopala styx Arhopala wanda agesias
group Arhopala agesias
Arhopala ijanensis
Bethune-Baker, 1897 Arhopala kinabala
Druce, 1895 Arhopala similis
Druce, 1895anthelus group
Arhopala achelous Arhopala antharita Grose-Smith, 1894 Arhopala anthelus - anthelus bushblue Arhopala auxesia Arhopala aedias Arhopala hypomuta group camdeo subgroup Arhopala anarte - magnificent oakblue Arhopala belphoebe Doherty, 1889 Arhopala camdana Corbet, 1941 Arhopala camdeo - lilac oakblue Arhopala dispar Riley & Godfrey, 1921 Arhopala hayashihisakazui Seki & Treadaway, 2013 Arhopala hellada Fruhstorfer, 1914 Arhopala johoreana Corbet, 1941 Arhopala opalina - opal oakblue Arhopala semperi Bethune-Baker, 1896 Arhopala varro Fruhstorfer, 1914 myrzala subgroup Arhopala bazaloides - Tamil oakblue Arhopala myrzala Arhopala myrzalina Corbet, 1941 oenea group epimuta
group Arhopala atosia
Arhopala epimuta
Arhopala lurida
Corbet, 1941amphimuta group
* Arhopala alica * Arhopala amphimuta * Arhopala avathina Corbet, 1941 * Arhopala baluensis Bethune-Baker, 1904 * Arhopala dajagaka Bethune-Baker, 1896 * Arhopala delta * Arhopala inornata * Arhopala kurzi * Arhopala major * Arhopala moolaiana * Arhopala norda * Arhopala sceva Bethune-Baker, 1903 * Arhopala stubbsi Eliot, 1962 * Arhopala zylda Corbet, 1941 muta subgroup * Arhopala moorei Bethune-Baker, 1896 * Arhopala muta * Arhopala tropaea Corbet, 1941 perimuta subgroup * Arhopala antimuta C. & R.Felder, * Arhopala metamuta * Arhopala perimuta - yellow-disk tailless oakblue agesilaus group Arhopala agesilaus Arhopala avatha de Nicéville, Arhopala democritus alitaeus
group Arhopala aida
de Nicéville, 1889 Arhopala alitaeus
Arhopala ariana
Arhopala arianaga
Corbet, 1941 Arhopala denta
Arhopala elopura
Druce, 1894 Arhopala havilandi
Bethune-Baker, 1896 Arhopala pseudomuta
Arhopala sintanga
Corbet, 1948agrata group
Arhopala ace de Nicéville, - Tytler's oakblue Arhopala agrata - de Niceville's oakblue Arhopala azinis de Nicéville, group cleander subgroup * Arhopala aruana * Arhopala ate * Arhopala athada * Arhopala cleander * Arhopala silhetensis - Sylhet oakblue * Arhopala zambra Swinhoe, alea subgroup * Arhopala aenigma Eliot, 1972 * Arhopala agaba - purple-glazed oakblue * Arhopala alea - rosy oakblue * Arhopala aroa * Arhopala aurelia * Arhopala evansi Corbet, 1941 * Arhopala milleri Corbet, 1941 * Arhopala normani Eliot, 1972 * Arhopala phaenops C. & R.Felder, * Arhopala phanda Corbet, 1941 * Arhopala ralanda Corbet, 1941 * Arhopala selta * Arhopala sublustris Bethune-Baker, 1904 * Arhopala vihara eumolphus group Arhopala acta Arhopala asma Arhopala bazalus - powdered oakblue Arhopala chamaeleona Bethune-Baker, 1903 Arhopala corinda Arhopala critala Arhopala eumolphus - green oakblue Arhopala florinda Arhopala hellenore Doherty, 1889 - Doherty's green oakblue Arhopala horsfieldi Arhopala irma Fruhstorfer, 1914 Arhopala nobilis Arhopala overdijkinki Corbet, 1941 Arhopala pagenstecheri Arhopala tameanga Bethune-Baker, 1896 Arhopala wildei rama
group Arhopala arvina
- purple-brown tailless oakblue Arhopala buddha
Bethune-Baker, 1903 Arhopala paralea
- glazed oakblue Arhopala rama
- dark Himalayan oakblueagelastus group
Arhopala agelastus Arhopala alaconia Arhopala alesia - pallid oakblue Arhopala barami Bethune-Baker, 1903 Arhopala cardoni Corbet, 1941 Arhopala epimete Arhopala labuana Bethune-Baker, 1896 Arhopala wildeyana Corbet, 1941 group aurea group Arhopala aurea Arhopala borneensis Bethune-Baker, 1896 Arhopala caeca Arhopala stinga Arhopala trogon ganesa
group Arhopala ammon
- Malayan oakblue Arhopala ammonides
Arhopala ariel
Arhopala elizabethae
Arhopala ganesa
- tailless bushblue Arhopala paraganesa
- dusky bushblue Arhopala tomokoae
abseus group
Arhopala abseus - aberrant oakblue , aberrant bushblue Arhopala anella de Nicéville, group Arhopala arta Arhopala axina Arhopala axiothea Arhopala doreena Arhopala helianthes Arhopala thamyras hercules group Arhopala hercules Arhopala herculina Staudinger, 1888 Arhopala leo Arhopala sophilus Arhopala tyrannus Arhopala aberrans - pale bushblue Arhopala acetes Arhopala aeeta de Nicéville, Arhopala alax - silky oakblue Arhopala alexandrae Schröder & Treadaway, 1978 Arhopala anamuta Semper, 1890 Arhopala annulata Arhopala argentea Staudinger, 1888 Arhopala aronya Arhopala arsenius Arhopala asinarus C. & R.Felder, Arhopala asopia - plain tailless oakblue Arhopala atrax - dark broken-band oakblue , Indian oakblue Arhopala bella Bethune-Baker, 1896 Arhopala birmana - Burmese bushblue Arhopala brooksiana Corbet, 1941 Arhopala canaraica Arhopala comica de Nicéville, 1900 - comic oakblue Arhopala curiosa Arhopala davaona Semper, 1890 Arhopala dodonaea - pale Himalayan oakblue Arhopala dohertyi Bethune-Baker, 1903 Arhopala ellisi Evans, 1914 - Ellis's bushblue Arhopala eridanus Arhopala grandimuta Seki, 1993 Arhopala halma Arhopala halmaheira Arhopala hellenoroides Chou & Gu, 1994 Arhopala hesba Arhopala hinigugma Takanami, 1985 Arhopala hylander Arhopala ilocana Osada & Hashimoto, 1987 Arhopala irregularis Bethune-Baker, 1903 Arhopala japonica - Japanese oakblue Arhopala lata Arhopala luzonensis Takanami & Ballantine, 1987 Arhopala matsutaroi Arhopala mindanensis Arhopala mizunumai Arhopala myrtha Arhopala nakamotoi Arhopala nicevillei Bethune-Baker, 1903 Arhopala ocrida Arhopala ormistoni - Ormiston's oakblue Arhopala pabihira Arhopala paramuta - hooked oakblue Arhopala phryxus Boisduval, 1832 Arhopala pseudovihara Arhopala qiongdaoensis Chou & Gu, 1994 Arhopala quercoides Arhopala rudepoema Seki, Arhopala sakaguchii Arhopala sangira Bethune-Baker, 1897 Arhopala schroederi Arhopala siabra Arhopala simoni Schröder & Treadaway, 1999 Arhopala singla - yellow-disk oakblue Arhopala staudingeri Semper, 1890 Arhopala straatmani Arhopala tephlis Arhopala theba Arhopala tindongani Nuyda & Takanami, 1990 Arhopala trionaea Semper, 1890 Arhopala weelii Arhopala zeta'' Footnotes
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