Assistant professor
Assistant professor is an academic rank used in universities or colleges in the United States, Canada, and some other countries.
Overview
This position is generally taken after earning a doctoral degree and generally after several years of holding one or more postdoctoral researcher positions. It is below the position of associate professor at most universities and is equivalent to the rank of lecturer at most Commonwealth universities. In the United States, assistant professor is often the first position held in a tenure track, although it can also be a non-tenure track position. Full professorships are assistant professor, associate professor, and full professor in order. After 7 years, if successful, assistant professors can get tenure and also get promotion to associate professor.It is very competitive to become a tenure-track assistant professor, especially at top tier and research universities in the U.S., U.K. and Sweden. Often hundreds of applicants apply for a single position. Due to funding issues the number of positions for full-time professors has dropped significantly. Colleges are saving money by replacing full-time professors with adjuncts. With these facts, less than 20% of doctoral graduates get tenure-track assistant professor positions after graduation.
The table presents a broad overview of the traditional main systems, but there are universities which use a combination of those systems or other titles. Some universities in Commonwealth countries have also entirely adopted the North American system in place of the Commonwealth system.
| North American system | Commonwealth system |
| Professor | Professor |
| Professor | Reader or Associate Professor |
| Associate professor | Senior Lecturer or Principal Lecturer |
| Assistant professor | Lecturer |