Astronomical Society of the Pacific
The Astronomical Society of the Pacific is an American scientific and educational organization, founded in San Francisco on February 7, 1889. Its name derives from its origins on the Pacific Coast, but today it has members all over the country and the world. It has the legal status of a nonprofit organization.
It is the largest general astronomy education society in the world, with members from over 40 countries.
Education and outreach programs
The ASP's mission is to promote public interest in and awareness of astronomy through its publications, web site, and many educational and outreach programs.- The NASA Night Sky Network - a community of more than 450 astronomy clubs across the U.S. that share their time and telescopes to engage the public with unique astronomy experiences. The ASP provides training and materials to enhance clubs outreach activities, and inspires more than four million people through their participation in 30,000+ plus events.
- Reaching for the Stars: NASA Science for Girl Scouts - The ASP is partnered on a NASA project to create new astronomy badges for Girl Scouts, connect them with their local astronomy clubs, and train amateur astronomers to make their outreach more girl-friendly. The ASP also connects adult Girl Scout volunteers to NASA’s Night Sky Network.
- My Sky Tonight - a set of research-based, science-rich astronomy activities that engage pre-kindergarten aged children, and trained hundreds of educators at museums, parks, and libraries across the U.S. on how to effectively engage their youngest visitors in astronomy.
- The AAS Astronomy Ambassadors Program - provides mentoring and training experiences for young astronomers just starting their careers. The American Astronomical Society, in partnership with the ASP, members of the Center for Astronomy Education, and other organizations active in science education and public outreach, has created the program, which involves a series of professional-development workshops and a community of practice designed to help improve participants communication skills and effectiveness in doing outreach to students and the public.
- On-the-Spot Assessment - a research-to-practice initiative led by the ASP to develop a set of embedded assessment strategies and professional development to support research scientists in effectively communicating science to the public.
- The Galileoscope Project - Developed in 2009 for the International Year of Astronomy, the Galileoscope has become the centerpiece for teaching about telescopes in many programs. As a key component of the Galileo Teacher Training Program, the Astronomical Society of the Pacific engaged hundreds of educators in professional development related to telescopes and the Galileoscope.
- Project PLANET - Leveraging resources developed as a part of the My Sky Tonight project to explore their usefulness in a formal, classroom setting.
- Project ASTRO - a national program that improves the teaching of astronomy and physical science by pairing amateur and professional astronomers with 4th through 9th grade teachers and classes.
- Family ASTRO - a project that develops kits and games to help families enjoy astronomy in their leisure time and trains astronomers, educators, and community leaders.
- Astronomy from the Ground Up - Providing informal science educators and interpreters with new and innovative ways to communicate astronomy. AFGU is a growing community of hundreds of educators from museums, science centers, nature centers, and parks around the U.S., who are actively enhancing and expanding their capacity to address astronomy topics for their visitors.
- Classroom activities, videos, and resources in astronomy are sold through their online AstroShop or made available free through the website.
Publications
The society promotes astronomy education through several publications. The Universe in the Classroom, a free electronic educational newsletter for teachers and other educators around the world who help students of all ages learn more about the wonders of the universe through astronomy.Mercury, the ASP's quarterly on-line membership magazine, covers a wide range of astronomy topics, from history and archaeoastronomy to cutting-edge developments. First published in 1925 as the Leaflets of the ASP, Mercury is now disseminated to thousands of ASP members and schools, universities, libraries, observatories, and institutions around the world. Mercury Online, a publicly accessible companion blog for Mercury, was established in 2019 "to showcase articles by our expert columnists after they've been published in Mercury magazine."
The ASP also publishes the journal Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific aimed at professional astronomers. The PASP is a technical journal of refereed papers on astronomical research covering all wavelengths and distance scales as well as papers on the latest innovations in astronomical instrumentation and software, and has been publishing journals since 1889.
The Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series is a series of over 400 volumes of professional astronomy conference proceedings. Started in 1988, the Conference Series has grown to become a prominent publication series in the world of professional astronomy publications, and has published over 500 volumes. Volumes are sold to the attendees of the conferences of which the proceedings are published, as well as being offered through the Astronomical Society of the Pacific's AstroShop, and can be found in the libraries of major universities and research institutions worldwide. In 2004, the ASPCS stepped into electronic publishing, offering electronic access subscriptions for libraries and institutions, as well as individual access to volumes which they have purchased in hard copy form.
AstroBeat is an on-line ASP-membership column, which comes out every other week, and features a behind-the-scenes report on some aspect of astronomical discovery, astronomy education, or astronomy as a hobby, written by a key participant. Authors have included:
- Clyde Tombaugh, retelling the story of his discovery of the planet Pluto
- Michael E. Brown, discussing the naming of the dwarf planet Makemake
- Noted astronomical photographer David Malin describing the transition from chemical to digital photography
- Virginia Louise Trimble explaining how she selected her list of the top ten astronomical discoveries of the last thousand years.
Awards
The ASP makes several different awards annually:- The Bruce Medal for lifetime contribution to astronomy research. The medal is named after Catherine Wolfe Bruce. This award is arguably the most prestigious award given in astronomy.
- The Klumpke-Roberts Award for outstanding contributions to the public understanding and appreciation of astronomy, named for Dorothea Klumpke-Roberts.
- The Gordon Myers Amateur Achievement Awards, in recognition of significant contributions to astronomy by one not employed in the field of astronomy in a professional capacity.
- The Bart Bok Award, named in honor of astronomer Bart Bok, awarded jointly with the American Astronomical Society to outstanding student projects in astronomy at the International Science and Engineering Fair.
- The Thomas Brennan Award for exceptional achievement related to the teaching of astronomy at the high school level.
- The Maria and Eric Muhlmann Award for recent significant observational results made possible by innovative advances in astronomical instrumentation, software, or observational infrastructure.
- The Robert J. Trumpler Award, named in honor of astronomer Robert J. Trumpler, given to a recent recipient of a Ph.D degree with a particularly notable thesis.
- The Richard Emmons Award is given for a lifetime of contributions to the teaching of astronomy to college non-science majors.
- The Las Cumbres Amateur Outreach Award, established by Wayne Rosing and Dorothy Largay, seeks to honor outstanding educational outreach by an amateur astronomer to K-12 children and the interested lay public.
- The Arthur B.C. Walker II Award, first announced in 2016, for research and teaching with a substantial commitment to students from underrepresented groups.
Defunct awards
- The Donohoe Comet Medal. In July 1889 the ASP announced that a bronze medal for "the actual discovery of any unexpected comet" would be awarded on the basis of a $500 gift by Joseph A. Donohoe of San Francisco. The first award was made in March 1890 to W. R. Brooks for the discovery of the comet now known as 16P/Brooks. After the 250th medal had been awarded in 1950 the award was discontinued because photography had enabled the discovery of too many comets.
- The Comet Medal. In 1968 the ASP Board voted to create a new Comet Medal to be awarded once yearly to recognize "an outstanding nonprofessional astronomer" for "past contributions to the study of comets." The first award was made in 1969 to Reginald L. Waterfield. After 1974 the Comet Medal was discontinued.
Affiliations
Recent presidents
Presidents of the ASP have included such notable astronomers as Edwin Hubble, George O. Abell, and Frank Drake. George Pardee, who later became Governor of the State of California, served as president in 1899.- 2019- Kelsey Johnson
- 2017-2019 Chris Ford
- 2015-2017 Connie Walker
- 2013-2015 Gordon Myers
- 2011-2013 William A. Gutsch
- 2009–2011 Bruce Partridge
- 2007-2009 James B. Kaler
- 2005-2007 Dennis Schatz
- 2003-2005 Catharine Garmany
- 2001-2003 Alexei Filippenko
- 1999-2001 Frank N. Bash
Past presidents
- 1997-1999 John R. Percy
- 1995-1997 Bruce Carney
- 1993-1995 Russell Merle Genet
- 1991-1993 Julie Lutz
- 1989-1991 Frank Drake
- 1987-1989 James Hesser
- 1985-1987 Sidney Wolff
- 1983-1985 David Morrison
- 1981-1983 Halton Arp
- 1979-1981 Leonard Kuhi
- 1977-1979 Ann Boesgaard
- 1975-1977 Geoffrey Burbidge
- 1973-1975 Ray Weymann
- 1971-1973 Harold Weaver
- 1969-1971 George O. Abell
- 1967-1969 Helmut Abt
- 1965-1967 Louis G. Henyey
- 1962-1965 Robert Petrie
- 1960-1962 Seth Barnes Nicholson
- 1958-1959 Nicholas Mayall
- 1956-1957 Andrew McKellar
- 1954-1955 Olin Chaddock Wilson
- 1952-1953 Gerald Kron
- 1951 Otto Struve
- 1950 Dinsmore Alter
- 1949 Robert Julius Trumpler
- 1948 Ira Sprague Bowen
- 1947 C. Donald Shane
- 1946 Ralph Elmer Wilson
- 1945 Ferdinand Neubauer
- 1944 Roscoe Frank Sanford
- 1943 Armin Otto Leuschner
- 1942 Nicholas Mayall
- 1941 Arthur Scott King
- 1940 C. Donald Shane
- 1939 Alfred Harrison Joy
- 1938 Hamilton Jeffers
- 1937 Harold D. Babcock
- 1936 Armin Otto Leuschner
- 1935 Seth Barnes Nicholson
- 1934 Sturla Einarsson
- 1933 Edwin Hubble
- 1932 Robert Julius Trumpler
- 1931 Alfred Harrison Joy
- 1930 William Meyer
- 1929 Frederick Hanley Seares
- 1928 Joseph Haines Moore
- 1927 Paul W. Merrill
- 1926 Bernard Benfield
- 1925 Bernard Benfield
- 1924 Arthur Black
- 1923 Walter Sydney Adams
- 1922 Exum Lewis
- 1921 Charles Cushing
- 1920 Joseph Haines Moore
- 1919 Beverly L. Hodghead
- 1918 William Wallace Campbell
- 1917 Frank Cornish
- 1916 Sidney Dean Townley
- 1915 Robert Grant Aitken
- 1914 Russell Crawford
- 1913 Alexander George McAdie
- 1912 Heber Curtis
- 1912 John Galloway
- 1911 Fremont Morse
- 1910 William Wallace Campbell
- 1909 Charles Burckhalter
- 1908 Charles Cushing
- 1907 Armin Otto Leuschner
- 1906 Sidney Dean Townley
- 1905 George Edwards
- 1904 Otto von Geldern
- 1903 Charles Dillon Perrine
- 1902 John Dolbeer
- 1901 James Edward Keeler
- 1900 George Pardee
- 1899 Robert Grant Aitken
- 1898 William Alvord
- 1897 William Hussey and William Alvord
- 1896 Charles Burckhalter
- 1895 William Wallace Campbell
- 1894 Eusebius Molera
- 1893 John Martin Schaeberle
- 1892 William Montgomery Pierson
- 1889-1891 Edward Singleton Holden
Research resources
- , The Bancroft Library