In May 2007, the Federal Aviation Administration released the report, Capacity Needs in the National Airspace System, 2007–2025 as part of its Future Airport Capacity Task. The report identified Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport and the Atlanta metropolitan area as needing additional capacity by 2025. Following the report release, Atlanta was given a $1 million federal grant to study the possibility of adding another airport. Both Atlanta and Delta Air Lines, which operates its primary hub there, expressed skepticism about building a second airport because it would be expensive and will likely economically fail, according to Delta. In 2011, the Atlanta Metropolitan Aviation Capacity Study, Phase II was completed by the FAA, the City of Atlanta and a consulting team. The study concluded that Dobbins Air Reserve Base was the best site from a market potential and development cost perspective, however, the airspace and environmental aspects were problematic. The second best possible site was Cobb County Airport due to its accessibility, yet the high development costs were prohibitive. In 2014, Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport unveiled its 20-year Master Expansion Plan to adequately cover the air travel capacity needs in the Atlanta area through 2035.
In 1975, in anticipation of a second airport, the City of Atlanta purchased of land west of the city in Paulding County for. In early 2007 Paulding County purchased of the property for a new general aviation airport, however Atlanta's second commercial airport could still be built on the remaining property. Paulding County is unserved by either rapid transit or freeways.
officials and a Georgia state senator have proposed expansion of the airport, located in Chattanooga, Tennessee, as a solution to Atlanta's capacity needs. Sen. Jeff Mullis's idea includes a maglev train to connect Atlanta passengers to CHA. Like the Western and Atlantic Railroad, it would be built cooperatively by the state with the help of Tennessee. Chattanooga's airport currently operates at a small portion of its capacity, but additional capacity would be necessary to be Atlanta's second airport. Expansion would be difficult as the property is currently bounded by significant roads, a railroad line and a creek bed.
, located just northwest of Atlanta along Interstate 75, was originally intended as a second civilian airport prior to World War II. However, Dobbins would only be available if a future Department of DefenseBase Realignment and Closure commission decided to close the base. As of 2015, no additional BRAC commission is planned.
After the announcement of the second airport study, a long-dormant commission created in 1989 by the Georgia General Assembly in hopes of creating a regional airport to northeast Georgia reconstituted itself. The Northeast Georgia Surface and Air Transportation Commission is now planning to create studies for a 20- or 24-gate airport in the region that could provide relief for Hartsfield drawing traffic from Atlanta's northeast suburbs. While the earlier incarnation of the commission narrowed options to the expansion of Gwinnett County's Briscoe Field, the Dawson Forest site, and a site in Jackson County, the new version will consider expansion of the Barrow County-based general aviation Northeast Georgia Regional Airport. The facility is extending an existing runway to and although it currently occupies only, there is adjacent undeveloped land for expansion.