August 2 Events 338 BC - A Macedonian army led by Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes in the Battle of Chaeronea , securing Macedonian hegemony in Greece and the Aegean . 216 BC - The Carthaginian army led by Hannibal defeats a numerically superior Roman army at the Battle of Cannae . 461 - Majorian is arrested near Tortona and deposed by the Suebian general Ricimer as puppet emperor . 1274 - Edward I of England returns from the Ninth Crusade and is crowned King seventeen days later. 1343 - After the execution of her husband, Jeanne de Clisson sells her estates and raises a force of men with which to attack French shipping and ports. 1377 - Russian troops are defeated by forces of the Blue Horde Khan Arapsha in the Battle on Pyana River . 1415 - Thomas Grey is executed for participating in the Southampton Plot . 1610 - During Henry Hudson's search for the Northwest Passage , he sails into what is now known as Hudson Bay . 1776 - The signing of the United States Declaration of Independence took place. 1790 - The first United States Census is conducted. 1798 - French Revolutionary Wars: The Battle of the Nile concludes in a British victory. 1830 - Charles X of France abdicates the throne in favor of his grandson Henri . 1858 - The Government of India Act 1858 replaces Company rule in India with that of the British Raj. 1869 - Japan's Edo society class system is abolished as part of the Meiji Restoration reforms. 1870 - Tower Subway , the world's first underground tube railway , opens in London, England, United Kingdom . 1873 - The Clay Street Hill Railroad begins operating the first cable car in San Francisco's famous cable car system . 1897 - Anglo-Afghan War: The Siege of Malakand ends when a relief column is able to reach the British garrison in the Malakand states . 1903 - The Ilinden–Preobrazhenie Uprising against the Ottoman Empire begins. 1914 - The German occupation of Luxembourg during World War I begins. 1916 - World War I: Austrian sabotage causes the sinking of the Italian battleship Leonardo da Vinci in Taranto . 1918 - The first general strike in Canadian history takes place in Vancouver. 1922 - A typhoon hits Shantou , Republic of China , killing more than 50,000 people. 1923 - Vice President Calvin Coolidge becomes U.S. President upon the death of President Warren G. Harding. 1932 - The positron is discovered by Carl D. Anderson. 1934 - Gleichschaltung: Adolf Hitler becomes Führer of Germany following the death of President Paul von Hindenburg . 1937 - The Marihuana Tax Act of 1937 is passed in America, the effect of which is to render marijuana and all its by-products illegal. 1939 - Albert Einstein and Leo Szilard write a letter to Franklin D. Roosevelt, urging him to begin the Manhattan Project to develop a nuclear weapon. 1943 - Jewish prisoners stage a revolt at Treblinka , one of the deadliest of Nazi death camps where approximately 900,000 persons were murdered in less than 18 months. 1943 - World War II: The Motor Torpedo Boat PT-109 is rammed by the Japanese destroyer Amagiri and sinks. Lt. John F. Kennedy, future U.S. president, saves all but two of his crew. 1944 - ASNOM: Birth of the Socialist Republic of Macedonia , celebrated as Day of the Republic in North Macedonia . 1944 - World War II: The largest trade convoy of the world wars arrives safely in the Western Approaches . 1945 - World War II: End of the Potsdam Conference . 1947 - A British South American Airways Avro Lancastrian airliner crashes into a mountain during a flight from Buenos Aires, Argentina to Santiago, Chile . The wreckage would not be found until 1998 . 1968 - An earthquake hits Casiguran, Aurora , Philippines killing more than 270 people and wounding 261. 1973 - A flash fire kills 51 people at the Summerland amusement centre at Douglas, Isle of Man . 1980 - A bomb explodes at the railway station in Bologna, Italy , killing 85 people and wounding more than 200. 1985 - Delta Air Lines Flight 191 , a Lockheed L-1011 TriStar , crashes at Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport killing 137. 1989 - Pakistan is re-admitted to the Commonwealth of Nations after having restored democracy for the first time since 1972 . 1989 - A massacre is carried out by an Indian Peace Keeping Force in Sri Lanka killing 64 ethnic Tamil civilians. 1990 - Iraq invades Kuwait , eventually leading to the Gulf War . 1999 - The Gaisal train disaster claims 285 lives in Assam , India. 2005 - Air France Flight 358 lands at Toronto Pearson International Airport and runs off the runway, causing the plane to burst into flames leaving 12 injuries and no fatalities. 2014 - At least 146 people were killed and more than 114 injured in a factory explosion in Kunshan, Jiangsu, China .Births 1260 - Kyawswa of Pagan , last ruler of the Pagan Kingdom 1455 - John Cicero, Elector of Brandenburg 1533 - Theodor Zwinger , Swiss physician and scholar 1549 - Mikołaj Krzysztof "the Orphan" Radziwiłł , Polish nobleman 1612 - Saskia van Uylenburgh , Dutch model and wife of Rembrandt van Rijn 1627 - Samuel Dirksz van Hoogstraten , Dutch painter 1630 - Estephan El Douaihy , Maronite patriarch 1646 - Jean-Baptiste du Casse , French admiral and buccaneer 1672 - Johann Jakob Scheuchzer , Swiss paleontologist and scholar 1674 - Philippe II, Duke of Orléans 1696 - Mahmud I , Ottoman sultan 1702 - Dietrich of Anhalt-Dessau 1703 - Lorenzo Ricci , Italian religious leader, 18th Superior General of the Society of Jesus 1740 - Jean Baptiste Camille Canclaux , French general 1754 - Pierre Charles L'Enfant , French-American architect and engineer, designed Washington, D.C. 1788 - Leopold Gmelin , German chemist and academic 1815 - Adolf Friedrich von Schack , German poet and historian 1820 - John Tyndall , Irish-English physicist and mountaineer 1828 - Manuel Pavía y Rodríguez de Alburquerque , Spanish general 1834 - Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi , French sculptor, designed the Statue of Liberty 1835 - Elisha Gray , American businessman, co-founded Western Electric 1861 - Prafulla Chandra Ray , Indian chemist and academic 1865 - Irving Babbitt , American academic and critic 1865 - John Radecki , Australian stained glass artist 1867 - Ernest Dowson , English poet, novelist, and short story writer 1868 - Constantine I of Greece 1870 - Marianne Weber , German sociologist and suffragist 1871 - John French Sloan , American painter and illustrator 1872 - George E. Stewart, Australian-American colonel, Medal of Honor recipient 1876 - Pingali Venkayya , Indian geologist, designed the Flag of India 1877 - Ravishankar Shukla , Indian lawyer and politician, 1st Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh 1878 - Aino Kallas , Finnish-Estonian author 1880 - Arthur Dove , American painter and educator 1882 - Red Ames , American baseball player and manager 1882 - Albert Bloch , American painter and academic 1884 - Rómulo Gallegos , Venezuelan author and politician, 46th President of Venezuela 1886 - John Alexander Douglas McCurdy , Canadian pilot and politician, 20th Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia 1887 - Oskar Anderson , Bulgarian-German mathematician and statistician 1889 - Margaret Lawrence , American stage actress 1891 - Arthur Bliss , English composer and conductor 1891 - Viktor Zhirmunsky , Russian linguist and historian 1892 - Jack L. Warner, Canadian-born American production manager and producer, co-founded Warner Bros. 1894 - Bertha Lutz , Brazilian feminist and scientist 1895 - Matt Henderson , New Zealand cricketer 1897 - Karl-Otto Koch , German SS officer 1897 - Max Weber , Swiss lawyer and politician 1898 - Ernő Nagy , Hungarian fencer 1899 - Charles Bennett , English director and screenwriter 1900 - Holling C. Holling, American author and illustrator 1900 - Helen Morgan , American actress and singer 1902 - Pope Cyril VI of Alexandria 1902 - Mina Rees , American mathematician 1905 - Karl Amadeus Hartmann , German composer 1905 - Myrna Loy , American actress 1907 - Mary Hamman , American journalist and author 1910 - Roger MacDougall , Scottish director, playwright, and screenwriter 1911 - Ann Dvorak , American actress 1912 - Palle Huld , Danish actor 1912 - Håkon Stenstadvold , Norwegian painter, illustrator, and critic 1912 - Vladimir Žerjavić , Croatian economist and author 1913 - Xavier Thaninayagam , Sri Lankan scholar and academic 1914 - Félix Leclerc , Canadian singer-songwriter, actor, and poet 1914 - Big Walter Price , American singer-songwriter and pianist 1914 - Beatrice Straight , American actress 1915 - Gary Merrill , American actor 1916 - Alfonso A. Ossorio, Filipino-American painter and sculptor 1917 - Wah Chang , Chinese-American artist and designer 1919 - Nehemiah Persoff , Israeli-American actor 1920 - Louis Pauwels , French journalist and author 1920 - Augustus Rowe , Canadian physician and politician 1921 - Alan Whicker , Egyptian-English journalist 1922 - Betsy Bloomingdale , American philanthropist and socialite 1922 - Geoffrey Dutton , Australian historian and author 1923 - Shimon Peres , Polish-Israeli lawyer and politician, 9th President of Israel 1923 - Ike Williams , American boxer 1924 - James Baldwin , American novelist, poet, and critic 1924 - Joe Harnell , American pianist and composer 1924 - Carroll O'Connor , American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter 1925 - K. Arulanandan, Ceylon-American engineer and academic 1925 - John Dexter , English director and producer 1925 - John McCormack , Canadian ice hockey player 1925 - Jorge Rafael Videla , Argentinian general and politician, 43rd President of Argentina 1927 - Peter Swinnerton-Dyer , English mathematician and academic 1928 - Malcolm Hilton , English cricketer 1929 - Roy Crimmins , English trombonist and composer 1929 - John Gale , English director and producer 1929 - Vidya Charan Shukla , Indian politician, Indian Minister of External Affairs 1929 - David Waddington, Baron Waddington , English lawyer and politician, Governor of Bermuda 1930 - Vali Myers , Australian painter and dancer 1931 - Pierre DuMaine , American bishop and academic 1931 - Eddie Fuller , South African cricketer 1931 - Karl Miller , English journalist and critic 1931 - Viliam Schrojf , Czech footballer 1932 - Lamar Hunt , American businessman, co-founded the American Football League and World Championship Tennis 1932 - Peter O'Toole , British-Irish actor and producer 1933 - Ioannis Varvitsiotis , Greek politician, Greek Minister of Defence 1934 - Valery Bykovsky , Russian general and astronaut 1935 - Hank Cochran , American singer-songwriter and guitarist 1936 - Anthony Payne , English composer and author 1937 - Ron Brierley , New Zealand businessman 1937 - Billy Cannon , American football player and dentist 1937 - Garth Hudson , Canadian keyboard player, songwriter, and producer 1938 - Dave Balon , Canadian ice hockey player and coach 1938 - Pierre de Bané , Israeli-Canadian lawyer and politician 1938 - Terry Peck , Falkland Islander soldier 1939 - Benjamin Barber , American theorist, author, and academic 1939 - Wes Craven , American director, producer, and screenwriter 1939 - John W. Snow, American businessman and politician, 73rd United States Secretary of the Treasury 1940 - Angel Lagdameo , Filipino archbishop 1940 - Beko Ransome-Kuti , Nigerian physician and activist 1940 - Will Tura , Belgian singer-songwriter and guitarist 1941 - Doris Coley , American singer 1941 - Jules A. Hoffmann, Luxembourgian-French biologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate 1941 - François Weyergans , Belgian director and screenwriter 1942 - Isabel Allende , Chilean-American novelist, essayist, essayist 1942 - Leo Beenhakker , Dutch football manager 1942 - Juan Formell , Cuban singer-songwriter and bass player 1942 - Nell Irvin Painter , American author and historian 1943 - Herbert M. Allison, American lieutenant and businessman 1943 - Tom Burgmeier , American baseball player and coach 1943 - Jon R. Cavaiani, English-American sergeant, Medal of Honor recipient 1943 - Rose Tremain , English novelist and short story writer 1944 - Jim Capaldi , English drummer and singer-songwriter 1944 - Naná Vasconcelos , Brazilian singer and berimbau player 1945 - Joanna Cassidy , American actress 1945 - Alex Jesaulenko , Austrian-Australian footballer and coach 1945 - Bunker Roy , Indian educator and activist 1945 - Eric Simms , Australian rugby league player and coach 1946 - James Howe , American journalist and author 1947 - Ruth Bakke , Norwegian organist and composer 1947 - Lawrence Wright , American journalist, author, and screenwriter 1948 - Andy Fairweather Low , Welsh singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer 1948 - Dennis Prager , American radio host and author 1948 - James Street , American football and baseball player 1948 - Snoo Wilson , English playwright and screenwriter 1949 - James Fallows , American journalist and author 1949 - Bertalan Farkas , Hungarian general and astronaut 1950 - Jussi Adler-Olsen , Danish author and publisher 1950 - Ted Turner , British guitarist 1951 - Andrew Gold , American singer-songwriter and producer 1951 - Steve Hillage , English singer-songwriter and guitarist 1951 - Joe Lynn Turner , American singer-songwriter and guitarist 1951 - Per Westerberg , Swedish businessman and politician, Speaker of the Parliament of Sweden 1952 - Alain Giresse , French footballer and manager 1953 - Donnie Munro , Scottish singer and guitarist 1953 - Butch Patrick , American actor 1953 - Anthony Seldon , English historian and author 1954 - Sammy McIlroy , Northern Irish footballer and manager 1955 - Caleb Carr , American historian and author 1955 - Tony Godden , English footballer and manager 1955 - Butch Vig , American drummer, songwriter, and record producer 1956 - Fulvio Melia , Italian-American physicist, astrophysicist, and author 1959 - Victoria Jackson , American actress and singer 1959 - Johnny Kemp , Bahamian singer-songwriter and producer 1959 - Apollonia Kotero , American singer and actress 1960 - Linda Fratianne , American figure skater 1960 - Neal Morse , American singer and keyboard player 1960 - David Yow , American singer-songwriter 1961 - Pete de Freitas , Trinidadian-British drummer and producer 1962 - Lee Mavers , English singer, songwriter and guitarist 1963 - Laura Bennett , American architect and fashion designer 1963 - Uğur Tütüneker , Turkish footballer and manager 1964 - Frank Biela , German race car driver 1964 - Mary-Louise Parker , American actress 1965 - Joe Hockey , Australian lawyer and politician, 38th Treasurer of Australia 1965 - Hisanobu Watanabe , Japanese baseball player and coach 1966 - Takashi Iizuka , Japanese wrestler 1966 - Grainne Leahy , Irish cricketer 1966 - Tim Wakefield , American baseball player and sportscaster 1967 - Aaron Krickstein , American tennis player 1967 - Aline Brosh McKenna , American screenwriter and producer 1968 - Stefan Effenberg , German footballer and sportscaster 1969 - Cedric Ceballos , American basketball player 1969 - Fernando Couto , Portuguese footballer and manager 1970 - Tony Amonte , American ice hockey player and coach 1970 - Kevin Smith , American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter 1970 - Philo Wallace , Barbadian cricketer 1971 - Jason Bell , Australian rugby league player 1971 - Michael Hughes , Irish footballer and manager 1972 - Mohamed Al-Deayea , Saudi Arabian footballer 1973 - Danie Keulder , Namibian cricketer 1973 - Miguel Mendonca , Zimbabwean journalist and author 1973 - Susie O'Neill , Australian swimmer 1974 - Phil Williams , English journalist and radio host 1975 - Mineiro , Brazilian footballer 1975 - Xu Huaiwen , Chinese-German badminton player and coach 1975 - Tamás Molnár , Hungarian water polo player 1976 - Reyes Estévez , Spanish runner 1976 - Jay Heaps , American soccer player and coach 1976 - Michael Weiss , American figure skater 1976 - Sam Worthington , English-Australian actor and producer 1976 - Mohammad Zahid , Pakistani cricketer 1977 - Edward Furlong , American actor 1978 - Goran Gavrančić , Serbian footballer 1978 - Matt Guerrier , American baseball player 1978 - Deividas Šemberas , Lithuanian footballer 1978 - Dragan Vukmir , Serbian footballer 1979 - Marco Bonura , Italian footballer 1979 - Reuben Kosgei , Kenyan runner 1980 - Ivica Banović , Croatian footballer 1981 - Alexander Emelianenko , Russian mixed martial artist and boxer 1981 - Tim Murtagh , Irish-English cricketer 1982 - Hélder Postiga , Portuguese footballer 1982 - Kerry Rhodes , American football player 1982 - Grady Sizemore , American baseball player 1982 - Cynthia Stevenson , American actress 1983 - Michel Bastos , Brazilian footballer 1984 - Giampaolo Pazzini , Italian footballer 1985 - Stephen Ferris , Irish rugby player 1985 - David Hart Smith , Canadian wrestler 1985 - Britt Nicole , American Christian pop artist 1986 - Mathieu Razanakolona , Canadian skier 1988 - Rob Kwiet , Canadian ice hockey player 1989 - Nacer Chadli , Belgian footballer 1990 - Ima Bohush , Belarusian tennis player 1994 - Laura Pigossi , Brazilian tennis player 1994 - Laremy Tunsil , American football player 1995 - Kristaps Porziņģis , Latvian basketball player 1996 - Simone Manuel , American swimmer 1999 - Mark Lee , Korean-Canadian singerDeaths 216 BC - Gnaeus Servilius Geminus , Roman consul 216 BC - Lucius Aemilius Paullus , Roman consul and general 216 BC - Marcus Minucius Rufus , Roman consul 257 - Pope Stephen I 640 - Pope Severinus 686 - Pope John V 855 - Ahmad ibn Hanbal , Arab theologian and jurist 924 - Ælfweard of Wessex 1075 - Patriarch John VIII of Constantinople 1100 - William II of England 1222 - Raymond VI, Count of Toulouse 1277 - Mu'in al-Din Sulaiman Pervane , Chancellor and Regent of the Sultanate of Rum 1316 - Louis of Burgundy 1330 - Yolande of Dreux , Queen consort of Scotland and Duchess consort of Brittany 1332 - King Christopher II of Denmark 1415 - Thomas Grey, English conspirator 1445 - Oswald von Wolkenstein , Austrian poet and composer 1451 - Elizabeth of Görlitz 1511 - Andrew Barton , Scottish admiral 1512 - Alessandro Achillini , Italian physician and philosopher 1589 - Henry III of France 1605 - Richard Leveson , English admiral 1611 - Katō Kiyomasa , Japanese daimyō 1667 - Francesco Borromini , Swiss architect, designed San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane and Sant'Agnese in Agone 1696 - Robert Campbell of Glenlyon 1769 - Daniel Finch, 8th Earl of Winchilsea , English politician, Lord President of the Council 1788 - Thomas Gainsborough , English painter 1799 - Jacques-Étienne Montgolfier , French inventor, co-invented the hot air balloon 1815 - Guillaume Brune , French general and politician 1823 - Lazare Carnot , French mathematician, general, and politician, President of the National Convention 1834 - Harriet Arbuthnot , English diarist 1849 - Muhammad Ali of Egypt , Ottoman Albanian commander 1854 - Heinrich Clauren , German author 1859 - Horace Mann , American educator and politician 1876 - "Wild Bill" Hickok , American sheriff 1889 - Eduardo Gutiérrez , Argentinian author 1890 - Louise-Victorine Ackermann , French poet and author 1903 - Eduard Magnus Jakobson , Estonian missionary and engraver 1903 - Edmond Nocard , French veterinarian and microbiologist 1913 - Ferenc Pfaff , Hungarian architect and academic, designed Zagreb Central Station 1915 - John Downer , Australian politician, 16th Premier of South Australia 1917 - Jaan Mahlapuu , Estonian military pilot 1921 - Enrico Caruso , Italian tenor and actor 1922 - Alexander Graham Bell , Scottish-Canadian engineer, invented the telephone 1923 - Warren G. Harding, American journalist and politician, 29th President of the United States 1934 - Paul von Hindenburg, German field marshal and politician, 2nd President of Germany 1937 - Artur Sirk , Estonian soldier, lawyer, and politician 1939 - Harvey Spencer Lewis , American mystic and author 1945 - Pietro Mascagni , Italian composer and educator 1955 - Alfred Lépine , Canadian ice hockey player and coach 1955 - Wallace Stevens , American poet and educator 1963 - Oliver La Farge , American anthropologist and author 1967 - Walter Terence Stace , English-American epistemologist, philosopher, and academic 1970 - Angus MacFarlane-Grieve , English academic, mathematician, rower, and soldier 1972 - Brian Cole , American bass player 1972 - Paul Goodman , American psychotherapist and author 1972 - Helen Hoyt , American poet and author 1973 - Jean-Pierre Melville , French actor, director, producer, and screenwriter 1974 - Douglas Hawkes , English race car driver and businessman 1976 - László Kalmár , Hungarian mathematician and academic 1976 - Fritz Lang , Austrian-American director, producer, and screenwriter 1978 - Carlos Chávez , Mexican composer and conductor 1978 - Antony Noghès , French businessman, founded the Monaco Grand Prix 1979 - Thurman Munson , American baseball player 1981 - Stefanie Clausen , Danish diver 1983 - James Jamerson , American bass player 1986 - Roy Cohn , American lawyer and politician 1988 - Joe Carcione , American activist and author 1988 - Raymond Carver , American short story writer and poet 1990 - Norman Maclean , American short story writer and essayist 1990 - Edwin Richfield , English actor and screenwriter 1992 - Michel Berger , French singer-songwriter and producer 1996 - Michel Debré , French lawyer and politician, 150th Prime Minister of France 1996 - Obdulio Varela , Uruguayan footballer and manager 1996 - Mohamed Farrah Aidid , Somalian general and politician, 5th President of Somalia 1997 - William S. Burroughs, American novelist, short story writer, and essayist 1997 - Fela Kuti , Nigerian singer-songwriter and activist 1998 - Shari Lewis , American television host and puppeteer 1999 - Willie Morris , American writer 2003 - Peter Safar , Austrian-American physician and academic 2004 - Ferenc Berényi , Hungarian painter and academic 2004 - François Craenhals , Belgian illustrator 2004 - Heinrich Mark , Estonian lawyer and politician, 5th Prime Minister of Estonia in exile 2005 - Steven Vincent , American journalist and author 2007 - Chauncey Bailey , American journalist 2008 - Fujio Akatsuka , Japanese illustrator 2011 - José Sanchis Grau , Spanish author and illustrator 2012 - Gabriel Horn , English biologist and academic 2012 - Magnus Isacsson , Canadian director and producer 2012 - Jimmy Jones , American singer-songwriter 2012 - John Keegan , English historian and journalist 2012 - Bernd Meier , German footballer 2012 - Marguerite Piazza , American soprano 2013 - Julius L. Chambers, American lawyer and activist 2013 - Richard E. Dauch, American businessman, co-founded American Axle 2013 - Alla Kushnir , Russian–Israeli chess player 2014 - Ed Joyce , American journalist 2014 - Billie Letts , American author and educator 2014 - Barbara Prammer , Austrian social worker and politician 2014 - James Thompson , American-Finnish author 2015 - Forrest Bird , American pilot and engineer 2015 - Giovanni Conso , Italian jurist and politician, Italian Minister of Justice 2015 - Piet Fransen , Dutch footballer 2015 - Jack Spring , American baseball player 2016 - Terence Bayler , New Zealand actor 2016 - David Huddleston , American actor 2016 - Franciszek Macharski , Polish cardinal 2016 - Ahmed Zewail , Egyptian-American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate 2017 - Judith Jones , American literary and cookbook editorHolidays and observances Christian feast day: *Basil Fool for Christ *Blessed Justin Russolillo *Eusebius of Vercelli *Peter Faber *Peter Julian Eymard *Pope Stephen I *Our Lady of the Angels of the Portiuncula *Samuel David Ferguson *August 2 Day of Azerbaijani cinema Our Lady of the Angels Day Paratroopers Day Republic Day Romani genocide-related observances, including: *Roma Holocaust Memorial Day *Genocide Remembrance Day of the Roma and Sinti *International Remembrance Day of the Holocaust of the Roma
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