Autotransplantation


Autotransplantation is the transplantation of organs, tissues, or even particular proteins from one part of the body to another in the same person.
The autologous tissue transplanted by such a procedure is called an autograft or autotransplant.
It is contrasted with allotransplantation, Syngeneic transplantation and xenotransplantation.
A common example is the removal of a piece of bone and its being ground into a paste for the reconstruction of another portion of bone.

Autologous blood donation

In blood banking terminology, autologous blood donation refers to a blood donation marked for use by the donor, typically for a scheduled surgery. They are commonly called "Autos" by blood bank personnel, and it is one major form of the more general concept of autotransfusion.
Some advantages of autologous blood donation are:
The disadvantages are:
Autologous blood is not routinely tested for infectious diseases markers such as HIV antibodies. In the United States, autologous blood is tested only if it is collected in one place and shipped to another.
There is also a risk that, in an emergency or if more blood is required than has been set aside in advance, the patient could still be exposed to donor blood instead of autologous blood. Autologous donation is also not suitable for patients who are medically unable to or advised not to give blood, such as cardiac patients or small children and infants.

Bone autograft

In orthopaedic medicine, bone graft can be sourced from a patient's own bone in order to fill space and produce an osteogenic response in a bone defect. However, due to the donor-site morbidity associated with autograft, other methods such as bone allograft and bone morphogenetic proteins and synthetic graft materials are often used as alternatives. Autografts have long been considered the "Gold Standard" in Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry because it offered the best regenerations results. Lately, the introduction of morphogen-enhanced bone graft substitutes have shown to show similar success rates and quality of regeneration; however, their price is still very high.