Barauni–Gorakhpur, Raxaul and Jainagar lines


The Barauni–Gorakhpur, Raxaul and Jainagar lines are a set of three lines connecting Barauni in the Indian state of Bihar with Gorakhpur in Uttar Pradesh. The lines run in an east-west direction between the Ganges and India-Nepal border, covering northern Bihar west of the Kosi river and eastern Uttar Pradesh. The southernmost of the lines connects via Hajipur Junction, Sonpur Junction and Chhapra. The central line connects via Muzaffarpur, Motihari and Sugauli. The northern line connects via Darbhanga, Sitamarhi and Raxaul. The lines have interconnections between them and the northern line has extensions to places near the India-Nepal border.

History

Railway lines in the area were pioneered by Tirhut Railway and the Bengal and North Western Railway lines in the 19th century. In his book The Indian Empire, Its People, History and Products W.W.Hunter, says "The Tirhut State Railway with its various branches intersects Northern Behar and is intended to extend to the Nepal frontier on one side and to Assam on the other."
The area was developed with metre gauge tracks. The Samastipur-Narkatiaganj loop was developed in stages between 1875 and 1907. The Samastipur-Darbhanga line was opened for famine relief in 1874 and opened to the public on 1 November 1875. The long Nirmali branch between 1883 and 1886. The Barauni-Bachhwara line was opened in 1883. The Bachhwara-Bagaha line was developed in stages between 1883 and 1907. The Sakri-Jainagar branch was opened in 1905. The long Hajipur-Muzaffarpur line was opened in 1884. The long Tirhut main line from Katihar to Sonpur was developed in stages between 1887 and 1901. The long Chhapra-Thawe line was opened in 1910. The long Chhapra-Allahabad line was developed between 1891 and 1913. The Maharajganj branch line was opened in 1907. The Siwan-Kaptanganj line was opened between 1907 and 1913. The long Bhatni-Varanasi Chord was opened between 1896 and 1899. The Jhanjharpur-Laukaha Bazar line was opened in 1976.
The lines were converted to broad gauge in phases starting from early 1980s. Samastipur to Darbhanga was converted around 1983. Siwan to Thawe was converted in early 2006. Gauge conversion of the long Jainagar-Darbhanga-Narkatiaganj line that was started in 2011 was completed to Raxaul in February 2014 and to Narkatiaganj in 2017. The Sakri-Laukaha Bazar-Nirmali conversion is under process.

Sections

New lines being constructed in the area include:
The long existing Chhapra-Hajipur line was being doubled.

Bridge links

The Ganges divides the state of Bihar in two parts. The construction of the long Rajendra Setu in 1959 provided the first opportunity to link the railway tracks on the north and south banks of the Ganges.
The long Ganga Rail-Road Bridge, opened from 3 February 2016, links Sonpur and Parmanandpur to Pahlezaghat Junction on north side of bridge to Patliputra Junction on south side of bridge to Patna.