At the age of five, Schenkeveld started his youth career at the local amateur club SV Den Hoorn. After one season, Schenkeveld joined the Feyenoord youth academy as right winger, but got quickly turned into a defender. Schenkeveld successfully went through the complete academy, but had a major injury setback at the age of 15. The youngster partially tore his cruciate ligament, which caused him to be out for five months. When he was about to make his comeback, he tore his cruciate ligament completely. In total, Schenkeveld had to recover for almost two years. On 29 November 2008, Schenkeveld was able to make his comeback for Feyenoord U19 in the youth match against Sparta Rotterdam U19. Feyenoord youth coach Jean-Paul van Gastel was impressed by Schenkeveld's comeback: "If you work this hard for one-and-a-half years and you come back like this, it's unbelievable. I was standing at the sideline with goosebumps."
Feyenoord (2009–2012)
On 29 November 2009, exactly one year after his comeback, Schenkeveld made his official debut for Feyenoord's first team in the Eredivisie away match against ADO Den Haag. Due to Giovanni van Bronckhorst's suspension, Schenkeveld played on the right back position, as Kelvin Leerdam switched to left back. On 7 January 2010, Schenkeveld signed his first professional contract with the Rotterdam club. It was confirmed that he will stay in de Kuip until summer 2012, with an option for another season. On 23 December 2011, Schenkeveld joined another Rotterdam based team Excelsior on a loan deal.
In August 2017, A-League club Melbourne City announced it had signed Schenkeveld on a 2-year deal. On 22 January 2019, Schenkeveld scored his first goal for the club in a stoppage time winner against the Western Sydney Wanderers FC. He departed Melbourne City in July 2019.
Panathinaikos
In 28 August 2019, Superleague Greece club Panathinaikos announced it had signed Schenkeveld on a 2-year deal. Schenkeveld as soon as he found his feet in the 2019–20 season, he slotted in seamlessly, forging a strong pairing in the heart of defence with Achilleas Poungouras. He was a major reason why the Greens went five straight league games without conceding a single goal. He is regarded as the player of the season and is a kind of player the club have lacked for years.
International career
Youth teams
Schenkeveld made his international youth debut on 6 December 2005. Schenkeveld was the captain of the youngest Dutch representative team, the Netherlands U15, in the friendly home match against Ireland U15. The youngster continued his international career in the Netherlands U16, but was forced to skip the U17 and U18 representative teams due to his major injury.
After his comeback, Schenkeveld restarted his international career on 20 August 2009, as he got selected for the Netherlands U19 by youth coach Wim van Zwam for the first time.