The Bass Strait Triangle is the waters that separate the states of Victoria and Tasmania, including Bass Strait, in south-eastern Australia. The term Bass Strait Triangle appears to have been first used following the Valentich Disappearance in 1978 although the region had a bad reputation long before that.
Geography of Bass Strait
Bass Strait is a generally shallow stretch of water approximately wide and from north to south, encompassed by the entire northern coastline of Tasmania and Victoria's central to eastern coast. The prevailing winds and currents are westerly, the latter being divided byKing Island, Tasmania at the western entrance to the strait, causing unpredictable sea conditions, especially when strong winds occur. For example, strong southerly winds can cause a strong northerly current reflecting from the Victorian coast. The combination of winds, currents, tidal flow and the shallow bottom often lead to tall waves, often of short length, with a confused short swell often conflicting in direction. All shipping to the busy ports of Melbourne, Stanley, Burnie, Devonport, Bell Bay and Launceston and the Bass Strait islands such as King Island and Flinders Island must pass through Bass Strait, and it is also the route of choice for many ships passing from the Australian west to east coasts. Most air traffic between Tasmania and the Australian mainland flies at least in part over or adjacent to it.
Incidents
Bass Strait was discovered following the wreck of the ship Sydney Cove on the Furneaux Group in 1797 and one of the vessels engaged in the salvage operation, the sloopEliza, went missing on her return voyage to Sydney. Hundreds of vessels from small yachts and fishing craft up to the size of bulk carriers have come to grief in Bass Strait since that time through hitting reefs, running aground on the coastline or on river bars while entering port, or foundering due to stress of weather, some dozens being lostwithout a trace. Actual north-south crossing of Bass Strait seldom occurred until after Melbourne was established in 1835. From 1838-1840, at least seven vessels were lost with all hands on their way to or from the new settlement, wreckage from only three being identified. Rumours that some of these vessels had fallen victim to wreckers appear baseless, the main cause probably being bad weather and poor charts.
British warship in 1858, in which well over one hundred lives were lost, and no positively identifiable wreckage located.
In 1901, the SS Federal disappeared carrying coal from New South Wales with 31 crew. Her wreck not located until 2019
In 1906, the SS Ferdinand Fischer, a German cargo ship, disappeared.
The SS Amelia J, a schooner, disappeared in September 10. The HMAS Swordsman was commissioned to search for the ship, and while searching the Bass Strait, a second ship - the barquentineSS Southern Cross - disappeared. A military Airco DH.9A engaged in the search would also then disappear. Wreckage of the SS Southern Cross was found on King Island; the SS Amelia J was never disappeared, and neither was the Airco DH.9.
The De Havilland ExpressMiss Hobart, went missing soon after entering service in 1934, only a small amount of wreckage being found on the Victorian coast.
In 1935, Loina, a Holyman airliner, crashed into the sea near Flinders Island with three crew and two passengers lost. No bodies were found. The cause of both accidents was probably a combination of human error with the known poor design of the aircraft.
During the Second World War, several aircraft — mostly RAAFBristol Beaufort bombers — were lost during exercises in Bass Strait while on training flights out of air bases, mainly RAAF Base East Sale near Sale, Victoria. These accidents were probably caused by the inexperienced crew crashing into the sea while performing low-level bombing practice — similar accidents occurred over land.
