Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology
The Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology is a unit of the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign dedicated to interdisciplinary research. A gift from scientist, businessman, and philanthropist Arnold O. Beckman and his wife Mabel led to the building of the Institute which opened in 1989. It is one of five institutions which receive support from the Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation on an ongoing basis. Current research at Beckman involves the areas of molecular engineering, intelligent systems, and imaging science. Researchers in these areas work across traditional academic boundaries in scientific projects that can lead to the development of real-world applications in medicine, industry, electronics, and human health across the lifespan.
History
The Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology has its origins in a 1983 meeting in which chancellor John E. Cribbet, Theodore L. Brown, Mort Weir, Lewis Barron and Ned Goldwasser strategized about approaching private sources to fund new large-scale science projects and centers on the University of Illinois campus. Two committees were formed, chaired by William T. Greenough and Greg Stillman to develop ideas for a broadly multidisciplinary research facility. Thomas Eugene Everhart, who succeeded Cribbet as chancellor in 1984, and Sarah Wasserman, assistant vice-chancellor for research, helped Brown and Weir to review and develop the final proposal. The committee reports were combined to propose an institute with two main divisions, a center for biology, behavior, and cognition, and another center for materials science, computers and computation. The institution's research program would explore intelligence in the broadest possible sense, extending "from artificial systems invented by man to natural systems found in the biological world".Arnold Beckman was approached with the proposal by university president Stanley lkenberry, Lew Barron, and Mort Weir. Beckman estimated that the proposal would require the unprecedented sum of $50 million. On October 5, 1985, the university officially announced that Arnold and Mabel Beckman had made the largest donation ever given to a public university at that time – $40M, with a $10M supplement from the state of Illinois – to build a research center at Illinois that would encourage scientists and engineers from different disciplines to work together. By December 10, 1985, the university had chosen the architectural firm of Smith, Hinchman and Grylls and architectural designer Ralph Youngren for the project. A symbolic ground-breaking ceremony took place October 10, 1986. Theodore L. Brown, who had been actively involved in the project as vice chancellor for research and graduate dean, became the first director of the institute as of March 12, 1987. William T. Greenough and Karl Hess became associate directors, with half-time appointments, in the fall of 1987.
By December 1988, the building was sufficiently advanced that faculty groups could begin to move in. Administrative offices were temporarily located in the basement. An official inauguration ceremony was held on April 7, 1989, to open the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology as one of the first research centers in the world dedicated to interdisciplinary research. Theodore L. Brown was succeeded as director in the summer of 1993 by chemist Jiri Jonas. Jiri Jonas was the Beckman Institute Director from 1993–2001; he was succeeded by Pierre Wiltzius, Beckman Institute Director from 2001–2008; Tamer Başar, Interim Director from 2008–2009; Arthur F. Kramer, Director from 2010–2016; and Jeffrey S. Moore, Director from 2016–present.
According to the 2013–2014 Annual Report of the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, more than 200 faculty members from 11 colleges and over 50 different departments are involved in the Beckman Institute. They work with postdoctoral and research scientists, and graduate and undergraduate students doing science in a wide variety of areas.
Research
Scientific exploration at the Beckman Institute is centered around three broad research themes: Intelligent Systems, Integrative Imaging, and Molecular Science and Engineering.The Intelligent Systems research theme is a merging of two older themes. The theme is comprehensive in scope, as researchers seek to understand the brain, cognition, and behavior from the molecular and cellular levels to higher cognitive functions such as memory, attention, and decision making. It also includes technology research such as computer vision, event-related optical signal and speech recognition.
The Integrative Imaging research theme is geared toward the interdisciplinary discovery of fundamental principles in imaging science, and developing new technologies for the next generation of imaging instruments and novel techniques for basic and translational research. Many researchers in the IntIm theme are working on biomedical applications, using ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, biophotonics, or medical optical imaging.
The Molecular Science and Engineering research theme brings together scientists from biology, engineering, physics and chemistry, to study molecular structures and processes. The MSE research portfolio includes molecular engineering, self-healing materials, and computational biophysics.
Notable faculty
Tenure-track or tenured faculty members of the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign are eligible to become members of the Beckman Institute. Prominent members of the Beckman Institute have included:- Narendra Ahuja, computer vision
- Tamer Başar, interim Director
- Stephen A. Boppart, biophotonics
- Neal J. Cohen, memory systems and neuroscience
- Jennifer S. Cole, linguistics
- William T. Greenough, neuroscience
- Martin Gruebele, chemistry
- Karl Hess, semiconductor physics
- Thomas Huang, image formation and processing
- Arthur F. Kramer, cognitive aging and neuroscience
- Paul Lauterbur, magnetic resonance imaging
- Jean-Pierre Leburton, nanotechnology
- Stephen E. Levinson, robotics
- Jennifer A. Lewis, directed assembly of soft functional materials
- Zaida Luthey-Schulten, molecular dynamics simulation
- Jeffrey S. Moore, materials chemistry
- Richard Powers, novelist
- John A. Rogers, soft electronics
- Justin Rhodes, neurobiology
- Klaus Schulten, computational biophysics
- Daniel Simons, psychology
- Nancy Sottos, self-healing materials
- Jonathan V. Sweedler, analytical chemistry
- Scott R. White, self-healing materials
Beckman Fellowships
Beckman Fellowships administered through the Beckman Institute should not be confused with those administered through the Center for Advanced Study at the University of Urbana-Champaign. The CAS awards a series of Beckman Fellowships and Beckman Research Awards which support faculty at Urbana-Champaign in their research activities. These awards were funded through an endowment from Arnold and Mabel Beckman, given in the late 1970s, prior to the establishment of the Beckman Institute. They are administered separately and are awarded throughout the university, not just within the sciences.