Bernard Stiegler
Bernard Stiegler is a French philosopher. He is head of the Institut de recherche et d'innovation, which he founded in 2006 at the Centre Georges-Pompidou. He is also the founder in 2005 of the political and cultural group, Ars Industrialis, and the founder in 2010 of the philosophy school, pharmakon.fr, held at Épineuil-le-Fleuriel. His best known work is Technics and Time, 1: The Fault of Epimetheus. He has been called “the most important French theorist to come after Derrida, and one of the most important thinkers anywhere about the effects of digital technology”.
Influences and themes
Stiegler's work is influenced by, among others, Sigmund Freud, André Leroi-Gourhan, Gilbert Simondon, Friedrich Nietzsche, Paul Valéry, Edmund Husserl, Martin Heidegger, Karl Marx, Gilles Deleuze and Jacques Derrida.Key themes are technology, time, individuation, consumerism, consumer capitalism, technological convergence, digitization, Americanization, education and the future of politics and human society.
Incarceration
Between 1978 and 1983 Stiegler was incarcerated for armed robbery, first at the :Fr:Prison Saint-Michel|Prison Saint-Michel in Toulouse, and then at the :Fr:Centre de détention de Muret|Centre de détention in Muret. It was during this period that he became interested in philosophy, studying it by correspondence with Gérard Granel at the Université de Toulouse-Le-Mirail. His transformation in prison is recounted in his book, Passer à l'acte.Career
In 1987–88, with Catherine Counot, Stiegler commissioned an exhibition at the Centre Georges-Pompidou, entitled Mémoires du futur: bibliothèques et technologies. Stiegler defended his thesis at the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales in 1992. He has been a Director at the Collège international de philosophie, and a Professor at the Université de Technologie at Compiègne, as well as a visiting professor at Goldsmiths, University of London. He has held the positions of Director General at the Institut National de l'Audiovisuel, and Director General at the Institut de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique/Musique.On 1 January 2006 he commenced as Director of the Department of Cultural Development at the Centre Georges-Pompidou. He is currently Director of the Institut de recherche et d'innovation, which was created at his initiative in April 2006. The IRI is affiliated with the Department of Cultural Development.
In 2010, Stiegler opened his own philosophy school in the French town of Épineuil-le-Fleuriel.
Works
Stiegler has been prolifically publishing books, articles and interviews since 1994. His works include several ongoing series of books:- La technique et le temps. The Technics and Time series outlines the heart of Stiegler's philosophical project, and in particular his theses that the role of technics has been repressed throughout the history of philosophy, and that technics, as organised inorganic matter, and as essentially a form of memory, is constitutive of human temporality. The series contains extensive readings of the works of André Leroi-Gourhan, Martin Heidegger, Edmund Husserl, and Immanuel Kant. It also contains his explication of the "cinematic constitution of consciousness," as well as his thesis that human beings are essentially "adoptive" and "prosthetic" creatures. Stiegler has at times mentioned further volumes of this series, but these have yet to appear. All three extant volumes have been published in English translation by Stanford University Press.
- De la misère symbolique. This series is concerned in particular with the ways in which cultural, symbolic and informational technologies have become a means of industrialising the formation of desire in the service of production, with destructive consequences for psychic and collective individuation. Stiegler outlines his concepts of "general organology" and "genealogy of the sensible". It contains extensive readings of Sigmund Freud and Gilles Deleuze, as well as of the works of Alain Resnais, Bertrand Bonello, Andy Warhol, and Joseph Beuys. Both volumes have been published in English translation.
- Mécréance et Discrédit. The Disbelief and Discredit series is concerned with the way in which the industrial organisation of production and then consumption has had destructive consequences for the modes of life of human beings, in particular with the way in which the loss of savoir-faire and savoir-vivre, has resulted in what Stiegler calls "generalised proletarianisation." In this series Stiegler makes clear his view that, in the light of the present state of the global technical system, it is not a matter of overcoming capitalism but rather of transforming its industrial basis to prevent the loss of spirit from which it increasingly suffers. In the second volume Stiegler introduces the concept of the "Antigone complex," to describe the psychosocial effects of the destruction of authority—that is, the destruction of the superego—on politics and youth. The series contains extensive readings of Paul Valéry, Max Weber, Aristotle, and Herbert Marcuse, as well as analyses of the crisis of May 1968 and the crime of Patricia and Emmanuel Cartier. The first volume was published in English translation by Polity Press in 2011, the second in 2012 and the third in 2014.
- Constituer l'Europe. In this series Stiegler is concerned with the effects of the destruction of psychic and collective individuation on Europe. He argues for the necessity of inaugurating a new individuation process at the continental level, itself embedded in an individuation process operating at a global level. At stake, he says, is the creation of a new European "motive" which will enable the reinvention of industrial civilisation.
Ars Industrialis
Épineuil-le-Fleuriel
On 18 September 2010 Stiegler opened his own philosophy school in the small French town of Épineuil-le-Fleuriel, in the department of Cher. The school runs a course for lycée students in the region, a doctoral program conducted by videoconference, and a summer academy that involves both groups of students as well as interested inhabitants from the surrounding area. The context and themes of the school lie in Stiegler's argument that we are entering a period of post-consumerism and post-globalization. At a philosophical level, the school is engaged in research, critique and analysis in line with Stiegler's pharmacological approach.Cinema and television
Stiegler features prominently in a number of works of film and television, and has appeared on French television numerous times. Among his most significant appearances are the following:- The Ister, directed by Daniel Ross and David Barison, a feature documentary about Heidegger in which Stiegler plays an important part.
- An Organization of Dreams, directed by Ken McMullen, an experimental thriller inspired by Stiegler's work, and in which he appears.
- Le temps de cerveau disponible, directed by Jean-Robert Viallet, a documentary about television in which Stiegler is the main participant.
- Après la gauche, directed by Jeremy Forny, a documentary about the problems of the political Left, featuring Stiegler.
Family
Decorations
- Officer of the Order of Arts and Letters
Books in French
- La technique et le temps. Tome 1, La faute d'Epiméthée.
- Échographies de la télévision. Entretiens filmés.
- La technique et le temps. Tome 2, La désorientation.
- La technique et le temps. Tome 3, Le temps du cinéma et la question du mal-être.
- Aimer, s'aimer, nous aimer. Du 11 septembre au 21 avril.
- Passer à l'acte.
- Mécréance et Discrédit. Tome 1, La décadence des démocraties industrielles.
- Philosopher par accident. Entretiens avec Elie During.
- De la misère symbolique. Tome 2, La Catastrophè du sensible.
- De la misère symbolique. Tome 1, L'époque hyperindustrielle.
- L'attente de l'inattendu.
- Constituer l'Europe. Tome 2, Le motif européen.
- Constituer l'Europe. Tome 1, Dans un monde sans vergogne.
- Réenchanter le monde. La valeur esprit contre le populisme industriel.
- La télécratie contre la Démocratie.
- Le théâtre, le peuple, la passion.
- Des pieds et des mains. Petite conférence sur l'homme et son désir de grandir.
- Mécréance et Discrédit. Tome 3, L'esprit perdu du capitalisme.
- Mécréance et Discrédit. Tome 2, Les sociétés incontrolables d'individus désaffectés.
- Avril-22. Ceux qui préfèrent ne pas.
- De la démocratie participative. Fondements et limites.
- Prendre Soin. Tome 1, De la jeunesse et des générations.
- Economie de l'hypermatériel et psychopouvoir.
- Faut-il interdire les écrans aux enfants?.
- Pour en Finir avec la Mécroissance.
- Pour une nouvelle critique de l'économie politique
- Ce qui fait que la vie vaut la peine d'être vécue. De la pharmacologie.
- L'école, le numérique et la société qui vient.
- Etats de choc. Bêtise et savoir au XXIe siècle.
- Pharmacologie du Front national.
- La société automatique. Tome 1, L'avenir du travail..
- L'emploi est mort, vive le travail!..
- Dans la disruption. Comment ne pas devenir fou?
- Qu'appelle-t-on panser? 1. L'immense régression
- Qu'appelle-t-on panser? 2. La leçon de Greta Thunberg
- Bifurquer: Il n-y a pas d'alternative
Books in English
- Technics and Time, 1: The Fault of Epimetheus.
- Echographies of Television: Filmed Interviews, with Jacques Derrida. Including Stiegler, "The Discrete Image."
- Acting Out.
- Technics and Time, 2: Disorientation.
- Technics and Time, 3: Cinematic Time and the Question of Malaise.
- For a New Critique of Political Economy.
- Taking Care of Youth and the Generations.
- The Decadence of Industrial Democracies: Disbelief and Discredit, 1.
- Uncontrollable Societies of Disaffected Individuals: Disbelief and Discredit, 2.
- What Makes Life Worth Living: On Pharmacology.
- The Lost Spirit of Capitalism: Disbelief and Discredit, 3.
- The Re-Enchantment of the World: The Value of Spirit Against Industrial Populism.
- Symbolic Misery, Volume 1: The Hyper-Industrial Epoch.
- States of Shock: Stupidity and Knowledge in the 21st Century.
- Symbolic Misery, Volume 2: The Catastrophe of the Sensible.
- Automatic Society, Volume 1: The Future of Work.
- Philosophising by Accident: Interview with Élie During.
- .
- The Age of Disruption: Technology and Madness in Computational Capitalism.
- .
Online texts
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- , interview with Irit Rogoff.
Other English translations
- "Questioning Technology and Time," Tekhnema 1: 31–44.
- "Persephone, Oedipus, Epimetheus," Tekhnema 3: 69-112.
- "The Time of Cinema. On the 'New World' and 'Cultural Exception'," Tekhnema 4: 62–114.
- "New Industrial Temporal Objects," in Rae Earnshaw, Richard Guedj, Andries van Dam, & John Vince, Frontiers of Human-Centred Computing, Online Communities and Virtual Environments.
- "Derrida and Technology: Fidelity at the Limits of Deconstruction and the Prosthesis of Faith," in Tom Cohen, Jacques Derrida and the Humanities.
- "Transcendental Imagination in a Thousand Points," New Formations 46: 7–22.
- "Technics of Decision: An Interview," Angelaki 8: 151–67.
- "Philosophising By Accident," : 98–107, an extract from Passer à l'acte.
- "Anamnesis and Hypomnesis: The Memories of Desire," in Louis Armand & Arthur Bradley, Technicity : 15–41.
- "The True Price of Towering Capitalism: Bernard Stiegler Interviewed," Queen's Quarterly 114: 340–350.
- "Technoscience and Reproduction," Parallax 13 : 29–45.
- "Technics, Media, Teleology: Interview with Bernard Stiegler," Theory, Culture & Society 24 : 334–41.
- "The Carnival of the New Screen: From Hegemony to Isonomy," in Pelle Snickars & Patrick Vonderau, : 40–59.
- "Teleologics of the Snail: The Errant Self Wired to a WiMax Network," Theory, Culture & Society 26 : 33–45.
- "The Magic Skin; or, The Franco-European Accident of Philosophy after Jacques Derrida," Qui Parle 18: 97–110.
- "Telecracy Against Democracy," Cultural Politics 6: 171–80.
- "Memory," in W. J. T. Mitchell & Mark B. N. Hansen, Critical Terms for Media Studies : 66–87.
- "Knowledge, Care, and Trans-Individuation: An Interview with Bernard Stiegler," Cultural Politics 6: 150–70.
- "Bernard Stiegler's Pharmacy: A Conversation," Configurations 18 : 459–76.
- "The Tongue of the Eye: What 'Art History' Means," in Jacques Khalip & Robert Mitchell, Releasing the Image: From Literature to New Media : 222–36.
- "The Pharmacology of the Spirit," in Jane Elliott & Derek Attridge, Theory After 'Theory' : 294–310.
- "Five Hundred Million Friends: The Pharmacology of Friendship," in Umbr: Technology, No. 1: 59-75.
- "Doing and Saying Stupid Things in the Twentieth Century: Bêtise and Animality in Deleuze and Derrida," Angelaki 18: 159–74.
- "The Indexing of Things," in Ulrik Ekman, Throughout: Art and Culture Emerging with Ubiquitous Computing : 493–502.
- "Teleologics of the Snail, or the Errancies of the Equipped Self in a WiMax Network," in Ulrik Ekman, Throughout: Art and Culture Emerging with Ubiquitous Computing : 479–92.
- "Programs of the Improbable, Short Circuits of the Unheard-of," Diacritics 42: 70–108.
- , Leonardo.
Secondary literature (English)
- Jean-Hugues Barthélémy, "Individuation and knowledge. The refutation of idealism in Simondon's Heritage in France", tr. M. Hayward & A. De Boever, SubStance, n°3/2012, University of Wisconsin Press
- Stephen Barker, "Threshold positions: Touch, Techné, Technics," Derrida Today 2 : 44–65.
- Stephen Barker,
- Richard Beardsworth, .
- Richard Beardsworth,
- Richard Beardsworth, "Technology and Politics: A Response to Bernard Stiegler," Cultural Politics 6: 181–99.
- Geoffrey Bennington, "Emergencies," Oxford Literary Review 18 : 175–216. Collected in Interrupting Derrida : 162–79.
- Patrick Crogan,
- Patrick Crogan,
- Patrick Crogan, "Bernard Stiegler: Philosophy, Technics, and Activism," Cultural Politics 6: 133–56.
- Ulrik Ekman, "Of Transductive Speed—Stiegler," Parallax 13, 4 : 46–63.
- Michael Gallope,
- Mark B. N. Hansen,
- Mark B. N. Hansen, "Media Theory," Theory, Culture & Society 23 : 297–306.
- Conor Heaney, "Rhythmic Nootechnics: Stiegler, Whitehead, and Noetic Life," Educational Philosophy and Theory, 2019,
- Christina Howells & Gerald Moore, Stiegler and Technics.
- Ian James, The Technique of Thought: Nancy, Laruelle, Malabou, and Stiegler After Naturalism.
- Ian James, The New French Philosophy.
- Ian James, "Bernard Stiegler and the Time of Technics," Cultural Politics 6: 207–27.
- John Lechte, "Technics, Time and Stiegler's 'Orthographic Moment'," Parallax 13, 4 : 64–77.
- Christian Lotz,
- Ben Roberts, "Stiegler Reading Derrida: The Prosthesis of Deconstruction in Technics," Postmodern Culture 16, 1.
- Ben Roberts, "Cinema as Mnemotechnics: Bernard Stiegler and the 'Industrialization of Memory'," Angelaki 11 : 55–63.
- Ben Roberts, "Rousseau, Stiegler and the Aporia of Origin," Forum for Modern Language Studies 42 : 382–94.
- Ben Roberts, "Introduction to Bernard Stiegler," Parallax 13, 4 : 26–28.
- Mark Robson, "An Other Europe," Paragraph 31 : 375–88.
- Daniel Ross,
- Daniel Ross,
- Daniel Ross,
- Daniel Ross,
- Daniel Ross, "Politics, Terror, and Traumatypical Imagery," in Matthew Sharpe, Murray Noonan & Jason Freddi, Trauma, History, Philosophy : 230–46.
- Daniel Ross,
- Daniel Ross,
- Daniel Ross,
- Jared Russell, "Stiegler and the Clinic," Undecidable Unconscious: A Journal of Deconstruction and Psychoanalysis 2 : 95-114.
- Jared Russell, 'Psychoanalysis and Deconstruction: Freud's Psychic Apparatus'.
- Ben Turner, "Life and the Technical Transformation of Différance: Stiegler and the Noo-Politics of Becoming Non-Inhuman," Derrida Today 9:2 : 177-198.
- Ben Turner, "Ideology and Post-structuralism after Bernard Stiegler," Journal of Political Ideologies 22:1 : 92-110.
- Ben Turner, "From Resistance to Invention in the Politics of the Impossible: Bernard Stiegler's Political Reading of Maurice Blanchot," Contemporary Political Theory.
- Nathan Van Camp, "Stiegler, Habermas and the Techno-logical Condition of Man," Journal for Cultural Research 13 : 125–41.
- Nathan Van Camp, "Animality, Humanity and Technicity," Transformations 17.
- David Wills, .
- David Wills, "Thinking Back: Towards Technology, via Dorsality," Parallax 10, 3 : 36–52.
- David Wills, "Techneology or the Discourse of Speed," in Marquard Smith & Joanne Morra, The Prosthetic Impulse: From a Posthuman Present to a Biocultural Future.
Secondary literature (French)
- Jean-Hugues Barthélémy, "De la finitude rétentionnelle. Sur La technique et le temps de Bernard Stiegler", in P-E. Schmit et P-A. Chardel, Phénoménologie et technique, Le Cercle Herméneutique Editeur.
- Jean-Hugues Barthélémy, « Memoria, Immaginazione e Tecnica nell'opera di B. Stiegler », in Martino Feyles, Memoria, Immaginazione e tecnica, Rome, NEU, 2010; pp. 189–198.
- Jean-Hugues Barthélémy, "Penser après Simondon et par-delà Deleuze", Cahiers Simondon N°2, Paris, L'Harmattan, 2010.
- Pierre-Antoine Chardel, "De l'écriture aux téle-technologies ", in P-E Schmit et P-A Chardel, Phénoménologie et technique, Le Cercle Herméneutique Editeur.
- Benoit Dillet & Alain Jugnon, Technologiques: La Pharmacie de Bernard Stiegler.