Beta-actin


Beta-actin is one of six different actin isoforms which have been identified in humans. This is one of the two nonmuscle cytoskeletal actins. Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in cell motility, structure and integrity. Alpha actins are a major constituent of the contractile apparatus.

Interactions

Beta-actin has been shown to interact with SPTBN2. In addition, RNA-binding protein Sam68 was found to interact with the mRNA encoding β-actin, which regulates the synaptic formation of the dendritic spines with its cytoskeletal components.
Beta-actin has been shown to activate eNOS, thereby increasing NO production. An eight-amino acid residue in actin has been shown to mediate the interaction between actin and eNOS

Clinical relevance

Recurrent mutations in this gene have been associated to cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Applications

Beta actin is usually used as a loading control, for among others, the integrity of cells, protein degradation, in PCR and Western blotting. Its molecular weight is approximately 42 kDa.