First settled in 1785, the town is named after William Bingham, a Philadelphia banker and politician who at one time owned two million acres of land in Maine known as the Bingham Purchase. The community was incorporated on February 6, 1812. By 1859, when the population was 752, Bingham had two water powered sawmills and two gristmills. It is located on the Old Canada Road, which between 1820 until 1860 served as the primary link between Lower Canada and Maine. Bingham became an important Maine Central Railroad loading point for pulpwood floated down the Kennebec River to Wyman Dam until environmental regulations curtailed log driving in the 1970s.
As of the census of 2010, there were 922 people, 429 households, and 245 families living in the town. The population density was. There were 600 housing units at an average density of. The racial makeup of the town was 97.0% White, 0.9% African American, 0.7% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.2% from other races, and 1.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.8% of the population. There were 429 households, of which 24.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.5% were married couples living together, 10.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 42.9% were non-families. 35.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.15 and the average family size was 2.72. The median age in the town was 45.7 years. 19.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.1% were from 25 to 44; 30.2% were from 45 to 64; and 20.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 49.8% male and 50.2% female.
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 989 people, 420 households, and 267 families living in the town. The population density was 28.6 people per square mile. There were 619 housing units at an average density of 17.9 per square mile. The racial makeup of the town was 99.39% White, 0.10% Native American, 0.10% Asian, 0.20% from other races, and 0.20% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.40% of the population. There were 420 households, out of which 26.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them. 46.9% were married couples living together, 11.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.2% were non-families. 29.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.30 and the average family size was 2.80. In the town, the population was spread out, with 22.9% under the age of 18, 6.3% from 18 to 24, 26.3% from 25 to 44, 23.7% from 45 to 64, and 20.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.7 males. The median income for a household in the town was $28,200, and the median income for a family was $31,538. Males had a median income of $25,990 versus $16,750 for females. The per capita income for the town was $19,724. About 15.6% of families and 19.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 30.5% of those under age 18 and 8.6% of those age 65 or over.
Notable residents
Television pioneer Gadabout Gaddis lived in Bingham, and Gadabout Gaddis Airport in that town was his base of operations. The airport was built about 1950 and later bought by Gaddis.
