Brazil at the 1956 Summer Olympics
Brazil competed at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia and Stockholm, Sweden. 44 competitors, 43 men and one woman took part in 28 events in 11 sports. The only Brazilian medal was the gold won by Adhemar Ferreira da Silva in men's triple jump. This was his second gold medal in the event. He was the first Brazilian to be a two-time Olympic champion.
Medalists
| Medal | Name | Sport | Event | Date |
| Adhemar Ferreira da Silva | Athletics | Men's triple jump |
Athletics
;Men;Track & road events
;Field events
Basketball
Preliminary round
Group D
Quarterfinal
Group B
Classification 5–8
Boxing
;MenCycling
Track
;1000m time trial| Athlete | Event | Time | Rank |
| Anísio Argenton | Time trial | 1:12.7 | 9 |
;Men's Sprint
Diving
;Men;Women
Equestrian
Show jumping
Modern pentathlon
Three male pentathletes represented Brazil in 1956.;Men
Rowing
Brazil had five male rowers participate in one out of seven rowing events in 1956.;Men
Sailing
;OpenShooting
Four shooters represented Brazil in 1956.;Men