British Forces Gibraltar
British Forces Gibraltar is the British Armed Forces stationed in the British overseas territory of Gibraltar. Gibraltar is used primarily as a training area, thanks to its good climate and rocky terrain, and as a stopover for aircraft and ships en route to and from deployments East of Suez or Africa.
British Armed Forces in Gibraltar had been predominantly naval-led since the 1890s. In the 1950s discussions about the creation of NATO's Allied Forces Mediterranean led to the Flag Officer Gibraltar being placed in command of NATO forces in the area.
However, many years later, the British Royal Navy captain serving as Head of Sea Section in Operations Division, SHAPE, was to have to deal with the re-absorption of Spain into NATO in the early 1990s. Arranging the NATO-Spain-Gibraltar-UK linkages involved "delicate negotiations," but British plans, to Captain Peter Melson's knowledge "committed no forces to defence of the Strait, while Spain was willing to commit substantial elements of their ORBAT ."
The last UK based army battalion, 1st Battalion Royal Green Jackets, left Gibraltar in 1991 and the Royal Gibraltar Regiment took charge of local defence under the new headquarters British Forces Gibraltar.
Permanent units
A handful of units are permanently based in Gibraltar for its territorial defence:- HQ, British Forces Gibraltar
- Royal Gibraltar Regiment – the territory's permanently based light infantry battalion, consisting of both regular and reserve elements.
- Joint Provost and Security Unit
- Royal Navy Gibraltar Squadron – two Scimitar class patrol boats, HMS Scimitar and HMS Sabre, two Archer-class patrol boats, and, and three Pacific 24 Rigid-hulled inflatable boats
- RAF Gibraltar – Gibraltar's military airfield has no resident units, but is utilised as and when required by aircraft on deployment or exercise.
- Gibraltar Defence Police – a civilian police force responsible for enforcing civil law on Ministry of Defence property in Gibraltar, and is responsible to Commander, British Forces Gibraltar. It also maintains two patrol boats and two 24 ft Rigid-hulled inflatable boats charged with protecting Gibraltar's maritime facilities. These are berthed alongside the Royal Navy's five vessels of the Gibraltar Squadron.
- No. 2 Overseas Squadron, Gibraltar, Royal Air Force Air Cadets
HM Dockyard, Gibraltar
In 1984 the dockyard passed into the hands of the UK ship repair and conversion company, A&P Group. A government grant and a prospect of lucrative Royal Fleet Auxiliary refit contracts did not help A&P Group however and they passed the yard into the hands of the Government of Gibraltar.
Flag officer commanding
Senior Officer, Gibraltar
Post holders included:- Captain Claude E. Buckle: August 1889 – February 1892
- Captain Atwell P.M. Lake: February 1892 – January 1895
- Captain James A.T. Bruce: January 1895 – January 1898
- Captain Charles C. Drury: January 1898 – September 1899
- Captain William H. Pigott: September 1899 – October 1902
Flag Officer, Gibraltar
- Vice-Admiral Sir William A. Dyke Acland, Bt.: October 1902 – July 1904
- Rear-Admiral Sir Edward Chichester, Bt.: July 1904 – September 1906
- Rear-Admiral Sir James E.C. Goodrich: September 1906 – September 1909
- Vice-Admiral Frederick S. Pelham: September 1909 – October 1912
- Vice-Admiral Frederic E.E.Brock: October 1912 – October 1915
- Rear-Admiral Bernard Currey: October 1915 – July 1917
- Rear-Admiral Sir Heathcoat S.Grant: July 1917 – July 1919
- Rear-Admiral Sir Reginald Y.Tyrwhitt, Bt.: July 1919 – January 1921
- Rear-Admiral Henry B.Pelly: January 1921 – January 1923
- Rear-Admiral Walter M. Ellerton: January 1923 – April 1925
- Rear-Admiral Richard G.A.W.Stapleton-Cotton: April 1925 – April 1927
- Rear-Admiral Cyril S. Townsend: April 1927 – April 1929
- Rear-Admiral Berwick Curtis: April 1929 – April 1931
- Rear-Admiral Thomas N. James: April 1931 – May 1933
- Rear-Admiral Francis M. Austin: May 1933 – May 1935
- Vice-Admiral Sir James M. Pipon: May 1935 – May 1937
- Rear-Admiral Alfred E. Evans: May 1937 – May 1939, as Rear Admiral-in-Charge, and Admiral-Superintendent HM Dockyard Gibraltar
Flag Officer, Gibraltar and North Atlantic
- Rear-Admiral Norman A. Wodehouse: May–November 1939
- Admiral Sir Dudley B. N. North: November 1939 – December 1940
- Admiral Sir G. Frederick B. Edward-Collins: December 1940 – September 1943
Flag Officer, Gibraltar and Mediterranean Approaches
- Vice-Admiral Sir Harold M. Burrough: September 1943 – January 1945
- Vice-Admiral Sir Victor A.C. Crutchley: January 1945 – December 1946
Flag Officer, Gibraltar, postwar
- Vice-Admiral Ernest R. Archer: December 1946 – June 1948
- Vice-Admiral Patrick W.B. Brooking: June 1948 – June 1950
- Vice-Admiral Lord Ashbourne: June 1950 – May 1952
- Rear-Admiral St. John A. Micklethwait: May 1952 – October 1953
- Rear-Admiral Harry P. Currey: October 1953 – May 1956
- Rear-Admiral Roy S. Foster-Brown: May 1956 – February 1959
- Rear-Admiral Philip F. Powlett: February 1959 – March 1962
- Rear-Admiral Erroll N. Sinclair: March 1962 – July 1964
- Rear-Admiral Thomas W. Best: July 1964 – November 1966
- Rear-Admiral Michael F. Fell: November 1966 – April 1968
- Rear-Admiral Ian W. Jamieson: April 1968 – October 1969
- Rear-Admiral A. Rodney B. Sturdee: October 1969 – January 1972
- Rear-Admiral Hubert W.E. Hollins: January 1972 – May 1974
- Rear-Admiral Sefton R. Sandford: May 1974 – September 1976
- Rear-Admiral Michael L. Stacey: September 1976 – January 1979
- Rear-Admiral Gwynedd Pritchard: January 1979 – January 1981
- Rear-Admiral D. John Mackenzie: January 1981 – January 1983
- Rear-Admiral George Vallings: January 1983 – March 1985
- Rear-Admiral Peter G.V. Dingemans: March 1985 – September 1987
- Rear-Admiral the Hon. Nicholas J. Hill-Norton: September 1987 – January 1990
- Rear-Admiral Geoffrey Biggs
Commander British Forces, Gibraltar
- Rear Admiral Jeremy Sanders
- Major-General Simon Pack
- Commodore Alastair Taylor
- Commodore Andrew Willmett
- Commodore Richard Clapp
- Commodore David White
- Commodore Allan Adair
- Commodore Matthew Parr
- Commodore Adrian Bell
- Commodore Tom Karsten
- Commodore John Clink
- Commodore Ian McGhie
- Commodore Mike Walliker
- Commodore Timothy Henry
- Commodore Steve Dainton