Brno main railway station was built in 1838, one of the first railway stations in the world. It was the terminus on the line from Vienna to Brno, one of the branches of Emperor Ferdinand Northern Railway. On 16 November 1838 it was put into operation for trials and exhibitions, and on 7 July 1839 it became fully commercially operational. It was initially designed as a terminal station by Austrian architect Anton Jüngling.
Second railway station
The railway station became a through station after construction of the rival Northern Railway in 1849. As soon as the traffic at the railway station, which was occupied by two competing companies, started to grow, some space limitation caused by bevelled shape between two segments of a polygonal principle Brno Ringstrasse.
Third railway station
At the turn of the 19th to 20th centuries the side wings of individual companies were connected with a single Concourse, which served to both of them. The author of this partially Art Nouveau building was architect Josef Oehm. The hall has an outline of 18x25 metres. The oldest transverse subway leads in its axis under the platform 4. The hall construction was finished in 1904. Railway station was partially and surfacing modernized in 1947 by architect Bohuslav Fuchs, the last time in 1988.
Description of the railway station
Brno railway station is combined. It has 4 through platforms with 6 lines and 2 terminal platforms. In total 6 platforms. Through platforms are 415 and 310 metres long and in ground plan are curved into the letter S. Terminal platforms are straight and 350 metres long. The width of platforms is 9 metres and more. Their covering is simple, historical.
Routes
Brno main station is an important station on the pan-international corridor passing through the country, with international trains serving the station to and from Germany, Slovakia, Hungary and Austria. It is also located on five other lines, three of which carry intercity trains:
Currently Brno station is approaching at full capacity and therefore in need of expansion, however its location on the edge of the historic center of the city prevents that. Capacity problems are just in one part of the railway station, on the southern station head, where is a regional transport. The question of how to cope with the substance of railway station has been being discussed for several decades. The idea of moving railway station to the new location, 550 metres southern, emerged already in the 1920s. It was after a sudden increase of transport capacity between 1923 and 1924. Such an increase has never happened again. Experts who worked for Brno before World War II abandoned this idea. Later on this idea reappeared several times in the new contexts. In 1970 railway station was relieved from freight transport which was transferred to the modernized track on the South. Since then the railway station has been intended purely for passenger transportation. The city council have made plans to build a new station in a remote location – 960 metres southeast from the city where personal and cargo transport would be reunited again. This possibility is confronted with a continuous opposition of experts and public. Already in 2004 this situation invoked a citizens-initiated referendum. However, this referendum did not become binding for city because of the insufficient turnout. Legislation required 50% turnout at that time. The overwhelming majority of 85% of voters was for keeping railway station on the current place. Nowadays citizens have initiated a new referendum, which will be held simultaneously with regional and senate election on the 7 and 8 October 2016. According to the current legislation only 35% turnout is sufficient for legally binding outcome of the referendum.
Services
Books
ARTL, Gerhard/ GURLICH, Gerhard H. / ZENZ, Hubert, Allerhöchste Eisenbahn. 170 Jahre Nordbahn Wien-Brünn, 2. erw. Aufl., Wien
HORN, Alfred, Die Kaiser-Ferdinands-Nordbahn. Die Bahnen Österreich-Ungarns, Band 2. Bohmann-Verlag, Wien
KREJČIŘÍK, Mojmír, Česká nádraží I.a II díl. Litoměřice.
