Brune test


The Brune test is used to check the permissibility of the combination of two or more two-port networks in electrical circuit analysis. The test determines whether the network still meets the port condition after the two-ports have been combined. The test is a sufficient, but not necessary, test.

Series-series connection

To check if two two-port networks can be connected in a series-series configuration, first of all just the input ports are connected in series, a voltage is applied to the input and the open-circuit voltage is measured/calculated between the output terminals to be connected. If there is a voltage drop, the two-port networks cannot be combined in series. The same test is repeated from the output side of the two-port networks. Only if there is no voltage drop in both cases, a combination of the two-ports networks is permissible.

examples

The first example fails the series-series test because the through path between the lower terminals of 2-port #1 short-circuit part of the circuitry in 2-port #2. The second example passes the series-series test. The 2-ports are the same as in the first example, but 2-port #2 has been flipped or equivalently the choice of terminals to be placed in series has changed. The result is that the through path between the lower terminals of 2-port #1 simply provide a parallel path to the through path between the upper terminals of 2-port #2. The third example is the same as the first example, except that it passes the Brune test because ideal isolating transformers have been placed at the right side terminals which break the through paths.

Parallel-parallel connection

To check if two two-port networks can be connected in a parallel-parallel configuration, first of all just the input ports are connected in parallel, a voltage is applied to the input and the open-circuit voltage is measured/calculated between the outputs that are short-circuited each. If there is a voltage drop, the two-port networks cannot be combined in parallel. The same test is repeated from the output side of the two-port networks. Only if there is no voltage drop in both cases, a combination of the two-ports networks is permissible.

Hybrid connection

A similar approach as above works for the hybrid connection and the inverse hybrid connection.