COVID-19 pandemic in Paraguay
The COVID-19 pandemic in Paraguay is part of the ongoing worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The virus was confirmed to Paraguay on 7 March 2020 in a 32-year-old man from Guayaquil, Ecuador, living in San Lorenzo, Central department.
On 10 March 2020, the Paraguayan government suspended classes and all activities that involve groups of people, as well as public and private events, with the goal of avoiding the spread of the virus, in accordance with Decree no. 3442/2020. Other preventive measures have been adopted as time has gone by, such as restrictions on commerce and movement, suspends flights, closure of borders, restricting entry of foreigners, curfews, and strengthening controls to ensure compliance with the measures.
On 20 March 2020, the first death and the first case of community transmission were confirmed. The government declared a total quarantine until 3 May, with free movement restricted completely. Public movement was restricted to buying food, medicine and other essential items.
Paraguay has implement from May 4 the so-called “Intelligent/Smart” Quarantine, gradual return to work and social activities with social distancing and hygiene measures. However, the government decided to maintain the closure of borders, implement distance education classes, and the night-time curfew indefinitely.
Background
On 12 January, the World Health Organization confirmed that a novel coronavirus was the cause of a respiratory illness in a cluster of people in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, which was reported to the WHO on 31 December 2019.Unlike SARS of 2003, the case fatality ratio for COVID-19 has been much lower, but the transmission has been significantly greater, with a significant total death toll.
Timeline
- 7 March: the first case was confirmed in Asunción. The patient is a 32-year-old man who arrived from Guayaquil, Ecuador.
- 10 March: Paraguay suspended public school sessions and large-scale public and private events for 15 days.
- 13 March: Paraguay suspended flights coming from Europe.
- 15 March: Paraguay confirmed partial closures of its borders, restricted crowds and imposed a night time curfew.
- 20 March: Paraguay confirmed the first death in the country due to coronavirus, and extended a previously announced quarantine through 12 April, and called for a social isolation policy. Public movement is restricted to buying food, medicine and other essential items.
- 8 April: Nationwide quarantine extended through April 19.
- 17 April: Nationwide quarantine extended through April 26.
- 20 April: For the first time in 29 days, no new cases were found.
- 24 April: Nationwide quarantine extended through May 3. Paraguay will implement from May 4 the so-called “Smart/Intelligent Quarantine”, gradual return to work and social activities with social distancing and hygiene measures. However, The government decided to maintain the closure of borders and implement distance education classes until December.
- 4 May: Starts the Phase 1 of the "Smart/Intelligent" Quarantine.
- 25 May: Starts the Phase 2 of the "Smart/Intelligent" Quarantine.
- 9 Jun: The Paraguayan government has announced the total closure of the city of San Roque González de Santa Cruz for a period of 15 days, starting on 9 June, and the city will return to the total lockdown phase.
- 15 Jun: Starts the Phase 3 of the "Smart/Intelligent" Quarantine, with the exception of the Paraguarí and Concepción Departments, which will remain in Phase 2, with the local government controlling circulation at main access points to those Departments for 14 days.
- 25 Jun: Phase 3 extended through July 19. The city of San Roque González de Santa Cruz return to Phase 2.
- 27 Jun: Community cases outnumber shelter cases for the first time, already reaching 56% of total confirmed cases.
- 13 July: Paraguarí and Concepción Departments starts the Phase 3 of the "Smart/Intelligent" Quarantine.
- 17 July: Paraguay has passed 100,000 tests
- 20 July: Starts the Phase 4 of the "Smart/Intelligent" Quarantine, with the exception of Asunción, Central and Alto Paraná Departments.
- 29 July: Due to the increase in cases, the department of Alto Paraná returned to lockdown on July 29 for two weeks, with some authorizations of Phase 1 and commerce enabled between 5:00am to 5:00pm.
Government responses
First measures
On 10 March 2020, the Paraguayan government suspended classes and all activities that involve groups of people, as well as public and private events, with the goal of avoiding the spread of the virus, in accordance with Decree no. 3442/2020.Other preventive measures have been adopted as time has gone by, such as restrictions on commerce and movement, suspends flights, closure of borders, restricting entry of foreigners, curfews, and strengthening controls to ensure compliance with the measures.
Lockdown
On 20 March 2020, the first death and the first case of community transmission were confirmed. The government declared a total quarantine until 3 May, with free movement restricted completely. Public movement was restricted to buying food, medicine and other essential items.The city of San Roque González de Santacruz returned to lockdown on June 9 through June 24, due to the uncontrolled increase in the number of contaminations.
Due to the increase in cases, the department of Alto Paraná returned to lockdown on July 29 for two weeks, with some authorizations of Phase 1 and commerce enabled between 5:00am to 5:00pm.
Easing of restrictions: de-escalation
Paraguay has implement from May 4 the so-called “Intelligent/Smart” Quarantine, gradual return to work and social activities with social distancing and hygiene measures in 4 phases. However, The government decided to maintain the closure of borders, implement distance education classes, and the night-time curfew indefinitely.- Phase 1: consists of the reopening of industries, small businesses with up to 3 people inside, and all delivery services. Outdoor individual physical activity, such as walking, can occur within 500 meters of a person's home. Access to public and private parks for walking/running trails only is permitted but observing the following: From 5:00am to 10:00am access for people, age 65 and older. From 10:30am to 8:00pm access for people between the ages of 10 and 64. The use of common areas such as playgrounds, exercise machines, courts and benches are not allowed. Vehicle traffic restriction by license plate.
- Phase 2 consists of the reopening of corporate buildings with up to 50% of the workforce present and under a rotation schedule. This includes, civil construction, shopping centres and medium-sized businesses, hairdressers, religious services with no more than ten people present, and moving services. This is to be carried out in compliance with strict health and safety measures, including the washing of hands coming in and out of venues/sites, mandatory physical distancing and the wearing of face masks at all times.
- Phase 3: consists of the limited reopening of restaurants, religious activities in groups of up to 20 persons, higher school, indoor gyms by appointment only, outdoor exercise for up to two people, drive-in cinema and other cultural activities with social distancing measures. This also includes individual physical activity in sports clubs and private parks.
- Phase 4: consists of opening the hotel and cultural sector under a strict health protocol. Religious activities in groups of up to 50 persons, in addition to concerts / music festivals, suitable cinemas and other activities in the cultural sector. Social events are allowed up to 20 people and private social gatherings of up to 10 people. As for sports activities, up to 4 people are allowed in any non-contact sport.
Department/City | Phase |
Rest of Paraguay | 4 |
Asunción, and Central department | 3 |
Alto Paraná department | 0 |
Shelters
Since end of March 2020, the government has adapted existing infrastructure of military bases, warehouses, police stations, and even indoor sports complexes called "shelters" to accommodate large groups of individuals -who return from abroad - including pregnant women, underage children, and the elderly. The government, however, has been unable to quickly accommodate the hundreds of migrants arriving at its borders.Returnees undergo a mandatory minimum quarantine of 14 days, which can be extended if required. Likewise, they have the alternative of quarantining in certain hotels or lodgings in the event that they can afford it. From April to much of June, the majority of confirmed cases came from shelters, however at the end of the same month the panorama changed, with community cases prevailing over those detected in shelters.
The advisory minister for International Affairs of the Presidency of the Republic, reported that by the end of June more than 8,000 returnees had already passed through shelters. According to the Inter-institutional Coordination Center, by then, about 70 shelters and 40 'Salud' hotels were located in different parts of the country.
Most of these facilities do not comply with the MSPBS's public health protocols of ensuring social distancing and access to medical attention. Groups of up to 160 people are housed in rooms of closely placed bunk beds, and shared spaces do not allow for adequate physical distance.
Impacts
Economy
Paraguay's economy will contract 2.5% until 5% in 2020 due to the halt in economic activities brought on by social isolation measures to contain the coronavirus. The projection is a stark turnaround from the Central Bank of Paraguay in December 2019 estimate of 4.1% growth in the year. The bank's new estimate also goes further than the International Monetary Fund, which projected in mid-April a contraction of 1.0%.But the government of President Mario Abdo Benítez has been heavily criticised for failing to support people left without income during the total quarantine. Sixty-five per cent of Paraguay's workers earn their living in the informal economy and have no access to benefits during the coronavirus crisis.
Event cancellations
As social distancing entered the public lexicon, emergency management leaders encouraged the cancellation of large gatherings to slow the rate of infection, these are a few cancelled or postponed events:Event | Original Date | Venue | Status | Ref. |
Chayanne concert | March 14, 2020 | SND Arena | Postponed | |
Karol G concert | March 14, 2020 | Jockey Club | Postponed | |
Soda Stereo concert | March 18, 2020 | Jockey Club | Postponed | |
Asunciónico | March 31 and April 7, 2020 | Jockey Club | Postponed to late 2020 | |
Kiss concert | May 7, 2020 | Jockey Club | Postponed |
Statistics
The tables and graphs show the development of the pandemic starting from 7 March 2020.Table
Chart
By department
By age
Other datas
this information is per:- In Shelters: 21%
- Locals : 79%
- Men: 63%
- Women: 37%
- Tests: + 120,000
- Hospitalized cases: 54