Canada Gairdner International Award
The Canada Gairdner International Award is given annually by the Gairdner Foundation at a special dinner to five individuals for outstanding discoveries or contributions to medical science. Receipt of the Gairdner is traditionally considered a precursor to winning the Nobel Prize in Medicine; as of 2019, 89 Nobel Prizes have been awarded to prior Gairdner recipients.
Canada Gairdner International Awards are given annually in the amount of $100,000 payable in Canadian funds and can be awarded to residents of any country in the world. A joint award may be given for the same discovery or contribution to medical science, but in that case each awardee receives a full prize.
Past winners
- 1959 Alfred Blalock,, Harry M. Rose, William D.M. Paton, Eleanor Zaimis, Wilfred G. Bigelow
- 1960 Joshua Harold Burn, John H. Gibbon Jr., William F. Hamilton, John McMichael, Karl Meyer, Arnold Rice Rich
- 1961 Russell Brock, Alan C. Burton, Alexander B. Gutman,, Ulf S. von Euler
- 1962 Francis H.C. Crick, Albert H. Coons, Clarence Crafoord, Henry G. Kunkel, Stanley J. Sarnoff
- 1963 Murray L. Barr, Jacques Genest, Irvine H. Page,, C. Walton Lillehei, Eric G.L. Bywaters
- 1964 Seymour Benzer, Jr., Deborah Doniach, Ivan M. Roitt, Gordon D.W. Murray, Keith R. Porter
- 1965 Jerome W. Conn, Robin R.A. Coombs, Charles Enrique Dent, Charles P. Leblond,, Frederick Horace Smirk
- 1966 Rodney R. Porter, Geoffrey S. Dawes, Charles B. Huggins, Willem J. Kolff, Luis F. Leloir, Jacques F.A.P. Miller, Jan Waldenström
- 1967 Christian DeDuve, Marshall W. Nirenberg, George E. Palade, Julius Axelrod, Sidney Udenfriend, D. Harold Copp,,, J. Fraser Mustard
- 1968 Bruce Chown, James L. Gowans, George H. Hitchings,, J. Edwin Seegmiller
- 1969 Frank J. Dixon, John P. Merrill, Belding H. Scribner, Robert B. Salter, Earl W. Sutherland, Ernest A. McCulloch, F. Mason Sones, James E. Till
- 1970 Vincent P. Dole, W. Richard S. Doll, Robert A. Good, Niels K. Jerne, Robert B. Merrifield
- 1971 Charles H. Best,, Frederick Sanger, Donald F. Steiner, Solomon A. Berson, Rosalyn S. Yalow
- 1972 Sune Karl Bergström, Britton Chance, Oleh Hornykiewicz, Robert Russell Race, Ruth Sanger
- 1973 Roscoe O. Brady, Denis P. Burkitt, John Charnley, Kimishige Ishizaka, Teruko Ishizaka, Harold E. Johns
- 1974 David Baltimore, Howard M. Temin, Hector F. DeLuca, Roger Guillemin, Andrew V. Schally, Hans J. Müller-Eberhard, Juda Quastel
- 1975 Ernest Beutler, Baruch S. Blumberg, Henri G. Hers, Hugh E. Huxley,, William Thornton Mustard
- 1976 Sir Godfrey N. Hounsfield,, William B. Kannel, Eugene P. Kennedy, George Klein, George D. Snell
- 1977, Cyril A. Clarke, Jean Dausset, Henry G. Friesen, Victor A. McKusick
- 1978 Sydney Brenner, Jean-Pierre Changeux, Donald S. Fredrickson, Samuel O. Freedman, Phil Gold, Edwin G. Krebs, Elizabeth C. Miller, James A. Miller, Lars Terenius
- 1979 Sir James W. Black, George F. Cahill Jr., Walter Gilbert, Elwood V. Jensen, Frederick Sanger, Charles R. Scriver
- 1980 Paul Berg,, H. Gobind Khorana, Efraim Racker, Jesse Roth, Michael Sela
- 1981 Michael S. Brown, Joseph L. Goldstein,,, Georges J. Köhler, César Milstein, Elizabeth F. Neufeld, Saul Roseman, Bengt Samuelsson
- 1982 Gilbert Ashwell, Günter Blobel, Arvid Carlsson, Paul Janssen, Manfred M. Mayer
- 1983 Donald A. Henderson, Bruce N. Ames, Gerald D. Aurbach, John A. Clements, Richard K. Gershon, Susumu Tonegawa
- 1984 J. Michael Bishop, Harold E. Varmus, Alfred G. Gilman, Martin Rodbell, Yuet Wai Kan, Kresimir Krnjevic, Robert L. Noble
- 1985 Stanley Cohen, Paul C. Lauterbur, Raymond U. Lemieux, Mary F. Lyon, Mark Ptashne, Charles Yanofsky
- 1986 Jean-Francois Borel, James E. Darnell, Philip A. Sharp, Adolfo J. de Bold,,, Peter C. Doherty, Rolf M. Zinkernagel, Michael Smith
- 1987 René G. Favaloro, Robert C. Gallo, Luc Montagnier, Walter J. Gehring, Edward B. Lewis, Eric R. Kandel, Michael G. Rossmann
- 1988 Albert J. Aguayo, Michael J. Berridge, Yasutomi Nishizuka, Thomas R. Cech, Michael A. Epstein, Robert J. Lefkowitz
- 1989 Mark M. Davis, Tak W. Mak,, Louis M. Kunkel, Ronald G. Worton, Erwin Neher, Bert Sakmann
- 1990 Francis S. Collins, John R. Riordan, Lap-Chee Tsui, Victor Ling, Oliver Smithies, Edwin M. Southern, E. Donnall Thomas
- 1991 Sydney Brenner, John E. Sulston, M. Judah Folkman, Robert F. Furchgott, David H. MacLennan, Kary B. Mullis
- 1992 Leland H. Hartwell, Yoshio Masui, Paul M. Nurse, Richard Peto, Bert Vogelstein, Robert A. Weinberg
- 1993 Mario R. Capecchi, Oliver Smithies, Alvan Feinstein, Stanley B. Prusiner, Michel M. Ter-Pogossian
- 1994 Pamela J. Bjorkman, Don C. Wiley, Tony Hunter, Anthony J. Pawson, Donald Metcalf
- 1995 Bruce Alberts, Arthur Kornberg, Roger Y. Tsien
- 1996 Robert S. Langer, Barry J. Marshall, James E. Rothman, Randy W. Schekman, Janet Rowley
- 1997, Erkki Ruoslahti, Richard O. Hynes, Alfred G. Knudson Jr.
- 1998 Elizabeth Blackburn, Carol W. Greider, Giuseppe Attardi,, Gottfried Schatz
- 1999 Avram Hershko, Alexander J. Varshavsky, Robert Horvitz, Andrew Wyllie
- 2000 Jack Hirsh, Roger D. Kornberg, Robert G. Roeder, Alain Townsend, Emil Unanue
- 2001 Clay Armstrong, Bertil Hille, Roderick MacKinnon, Marc Kirschner
- 2002 Phil Green, Eric Lander, Maynard V. Olson, John E. Sulston, J. Craig Venter, Michael S. Waterman, Robert Waterston, Jean Weissenbach, Francis S. Collins, James D. Watson
- 2003 Richard Axel, Linda B. Buck, Wayne Hendrickson, Seiji Ogawa, Ralph M. Steinman
- 2004 Seymour Benzer, R. John Ellis, F. Ulrich Hartl, Arthur L. Horwich, George Sachs
- 2005 Jeffrey M. Friedman, Douglas L. Coleman, Craig C. Mello, Andrew Z. Fire, Brenda Milner, Endel Tulving
- 2006 Ralph L. Brinster, Ronald M. Evans, Alan Hall, Thomas D. Pollard, Joan A. Steitz
- 2007 C. David Allis, Kim A. Nasmyth, Dennis J. Slamon, Harry F. Noller, Thomas A. Steitz
- 2008 Victor Ambros, Gary Ruvkun, Harald zur Hausen, Nahum Sonenberg, Samuel Weiss
- 2009 Peter Walter, Kazutoshi Mori, Lucy Shapiro, Richard Losick, Shinya Yamanaka
- 2010 William A. Catterall, Pierre Chambon, William G. Kaelin Jr., Peter J Ratcliffe, Gregg L. Semenza
- 2011 Adrian Peter Bird, Howard Cedar, Aharon Razin, Jules A. Hoffmann, Shizuo Akira
- 2012 Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, Michael W. Young, Thomas Jessell, Jeffrey V. Ravetch
- 2013 Harvey J. Alter, Daniel W. Bradley, Michael Houghton, Stephen Joseph Elledge, Gregory Winter
- 2014 James P. Allison, Titia de Lange, Marc Feldmann, Ravinder Nath Maini, Harold F. Dvorak, Napoleone Ferrara
- 2015 Lewis C. Cantley, Michael N. Hall, Lynne E. Maquat, Yoshinori Ohsumi, Shimon Sakaguchi
- 2016 Feng Zhang, Jennifer Doudna, Emmanuelle Charpentier, Philippe Horvath, Rodolphe Barrangou
- 2017 Akira Endo, David Julius, Antoine Hakim, Lewis E. Kay, Rino Rappuoli, Huda Zoghbi
- 2018 Azim Surani, Davor Solter, Edward Boyden, Karl Deisseroth, Peter Hegemann
- 2019 John F. X. Diffley, Ronald Vale, Timothy A. Springer, Bruce Stillman, Susan Band Horwitz
- 2020 Roel Nusse, Rolf Kemler, Mina J. Bissell, Masatoshi Takeichi, Elaine Fuchs