Canyon is a 1959artwork by American artistRobert Rauschenberg. The piece is one of his most celebrated and best known works, and is one of his combine paintings, which incorporated elements of sculpture into canvas-based pieces. Canyonfeatures a taxidermied eagle, a pillow, and other elements. Canyon was subject to an ownership controversy after the death of its owner, Ileana Sonnabend, which ultimately resulted in its donation to MoMA.
Materials
Between 1954 and 1965, Rauschenberg created "combine paintings" which involved affixing sculptural elements to more typical canvases. Elements such as photographic images, clothing and newspaper clippings could be attached either by paint, with string, or by other means. Other examples of such paintings are Reservoir and Monogram. Canyon features a taxidermied golden eagle, a pillow attached with string, a paint tube, and various textiles. The eagle was given to Rauschenberg by Sari Dienes, and formerly belonged to a Rough Rider.
Ownership history
The painting was originally owned by Ileana Sonnabend, an art dealer, until her death. She was a friend of Rauschenberg, and considered the piece to be one of her favorites. Sonnabend's heirs were forced to donate the piece after the IRS established the piece's value at $65 million and charged the Sonnabends $29 million in taxes. However, due to the golden eagle attached to the canvas, sale of the painting is a felony; as such, the estate's appraisers had placed a value of $0 on the painting, so forcing the heirs to donate. Before its donation to MoMA, the piece was displayed on and off at The Metropolitan Museum of Art, due to an earlier conflict between Sonnabend and the United States Fish and Wildlife Service over the piece, which forced Sonnabend to allow Canyon to be displayed publicly in order to keep it in her possession. Although MoMA ultimately won out, the Met also attempted to persuade Sonnabend's family to donate the piece to their institution. Canyon has been part of MoMA's permanent collection since 2012. After the work was accessioned, a show celebrating both it and Sonnabend titled Ileana Sonnabend: Ambassador for the New was held at MoMA.
