Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, a publicly funded, institute for water buffaloresearch. It is located from Delhi, at Hisar in the north Indian state of Haryana. It has a sub-campus, Bir Dosanjh, at Nabha. CIRB operates a nationwide network of 10 research centres working on breed improvement of the 7 main native breeds. CIRB, with over 20 laboratories for buffalo research, is the world's largest buffalo research institute with the widest range of breeds under study. With the aim of improving breeds and dissemination of information, CIRB has sold over 1,000 bulls, conducted ~200,000 artificial insemination in the field for the farmers’ buffaloes with a 41% conception rate, distributed ~520,000 progeny tested frozen semen kits to 45,000 farmers and over 250 institutes, imparted training to several thousand farmers on advanced buffalo husbandry, and created the world's first online Buffalopedia in several languages. It has a large research partner network across India and the globe. It is the second institute to successfully clone a buffalo in 2016, after the first successful cloning was achieved by the National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal in 2010. In July 2017, the Indian Council of Agricultural Research ranked CIRB Hisar as India's number one Buffalo research institute for the year 2016-17. India has 58% the world's buffaloes and 35% of India's cattle are buffaloes. Buffalo milk is 70% of the total milk yield in India, with its national Gross Domestic Product share being larger than wheat and rice combined. Buffalo meat makes up 86% of India's total meat exports, earning INR 26,000 crore in 2013-14. CIRB makes high-quality semen available for buffalo breeding at a very low cost to India's farmers. Semen and buffaloes, particularly the Murrah buffalo, are exported to other nations worldwide for the improvement of the breed. In january 2019, Haryana has 3,600,000 cattle and state govt is makign efforts to rasie the average daily production to 10 liter per milch animal from the existing 6.8 liter, which compares poorly to global best practices such as 15 litres in Australia, 16 litres in New Zealand and 30 litres in Israel. MoU have been signed with Brazil to improve the cattle breed through Embryo transfer technique and another with Israel for milk production through genetic engineering, cattle feed improvement, cold chain and other technologies. Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences is another institute in Hisar engaged in similar work which collaborates with CIRB.
History
It came into existence on 1 February 1985 when the Progeny Testing Bull Farm Hisar, which was earlier part of the Government Livestock Farm, Hisar, was transferred from the Government of Haryana state to the Indian Council of Agricultural Research for research on buffaloes. On 11 December 1987, a sub-campus near the Bir Dosanjh Wildlife Sanctuary at Nabha in Patiala District was opened in 1987, to undertake research on the Nili-Ravi breed of buffalo found in Punjab. In 2016, it became world's second center to produce a cloned buffalo. The first ever successful cloning of buffalo was done by the National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal in 2010
Details
As per the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, report, the global buffalo population was 148 million in 1992. Asia has 98% of the global buffalo population of nearly 194 million. In 2003, India had 98 million water buffalo, followed by 23 million in China, 3.2 million swamp-type carabao in the Philippines. Buffalo play an important part in India's national and rural economy. The institute was set up with the following aims:
Create a core breeding population of important buffalo breeds
Conducts comprehensive research on buffalo breeding and production, and transfer technology to the farmers, herders, institutes, NGOs, etc.
Collate and disseminate comprehensive information on buffalo
Facilities include 20 research laboratories, livestock, frozen semen library, air- conditioned, 125-seat audio-visual seminar hall, guest house with accommodations for 25 guests. The main campus is at Hisar, with a satellite campus at Nabha in Punjab, and two regional stations in Andhra Pradesh and Gujarat respectively.
Breeds
The main local breeds at CIRB are the Murrah and Nili-Ravi breeds which are studied at the Bir Dosanjh sub-station. It also networks with other institutes to undertake research, and collate and disseminate information on the 10 recognised breeds of the Indian river buffalo: Bhadawari, Banni, Jafarabadi, Marathwadi, Mehsana, Murrah, Nagpuri, Nili-Ravi, Pandharpuri, Surti, and Toda and Swamp buffalo found in Assam. Buffalo milk has 58% more calcium, 40% more protein and 43% less cholesterol than cow milk. Buffalo milk is a richer source of phosphorus, vitamin A, protein and contains high levels of natural antioxidants.
Divisions
There are 41 scientists, 45 technicians, 71 support and 20 administrative staff conducting research, testing, and training. The divisions are:
Hisar Annual Buffalo festival is held every year at the main campus on CIRB foundation day of 1 February, as an extension and awareness day where usually more than 4,000 farmers and breeders attend. Another annual Buffalo mela is held at the Bir Dosanjh subcampus every year on 11 December.
