Century Series


The Century Series is a popular name for a group of US fighter aircraft representing models designated between F-100 and F-106 which went into full production. They included the first successful supersonic aircraft designs in the United States Air Force's service, which remained in active service well into the 1970s and 1980s with the Air Force Reserve and Air National Guard. Three later variants, the QF-100, QF-102 and QF-106, also continued in service, primarily as aerial target drones, until the late 1990s.

Century Series aircraft

The name "Century Series" stems from the fighter designation number being in the 100–109 range. The term became popular to refer to a group of generally similar designs of the 1950s and early 1960s.
As it evolved, the attribution of the Century Series moniker reflects models designated between F-100 and F-106 which went into full production:
The term "Century Fighters" does not include less successful models between the F-100 and F-109 that did not go past design or prototype stage: the Republic XF-103 Thunderwarrior and North American XF-108 Rapier interceptor concepts, the North American YF-107 prototype, and designation "F-109" which was originally assigned to the F-101B Voodoo and later requested but not granted for the Bell XF-109 VTOL concept.
The F- series number sequence used in USAF was a continuance of the pre-USAF pursuit aircraft numbering, stretching back as far as to the 1920s. The numbering would continue sequentially up to the General Dynamics F-111, and after this number the 1962 United States Tri-Service aircraft designation system restarted the numbering back from 1. The McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II fighter-bomber was briefly known as the F-110 Spectre. The USAF continued the naming convention with the CONSTANT PEG program as an operations security measure. The last known aircraft with a "Century Series" designation is the Lockheed F-117 Nighthawk stealth attack aircraft.

Characteristics

The Century Series aircraft represented a mix of fighter-bombers and pure interceptors.
The unifying characteristic of the Century Series aircraft was advanced performance and avionics when they were introduced. The F-100 was the first aircraft in the USAF capable of exceeding the speed of sound in level flight. The F-101 was the first aircraft in the USAF capable of exceeding 1,000 mph. The F-102 was the first aircraft in the world to utilize area rule in its design. Three of the Century Series aircraft—F-101, F-102, and F-106—were armed with nuclear air-to-air missiles. These weapons, designed to destroy incoming nuclear-armed Soviet bombers even when not scoring a clear hit, were the only nuclear weapons in USAF arsenal at the time to be under sole control of their pilots.
Similar advancements were made in this period by the United States Navy and United States Marine Corps with the Douglas F4D Skyray, Vought F8U Crusader and F4H Phantom II carrier-based aircraft, but Naval Aviation lacked a similar naming group.