Cerithiidae


Cerithiidae, common name the cerithiids or ceriths, is a large family of medium-sized marine gastropods in the clade Sorbeoconcha.

Distribution

Ceriths are found worldwide on sandy bottoms, reef flats or coral reef rock covered with sand and algae in the sublittoral zone of warm or temperate waters. Most are found in tropical areas. A few occur along the European coastline and about 30 species in two genera are found along the American coast. A few species occur in estuarine areas of mangrove forests close to the sea. Only a few species of the subfamily Bittiinae are found in deep water.

Diet

Ceriths are herbivores and detritivores that graze the sea bed.

Description

Their slender shell is elongated with a pointed spire. They vary in size from 3 mm to 150 mm. The smallest shells are found in the subfamily Bittiinae.
The many whorls have radial sculpture with axial ridges and nodules. The aperture shows at its base a vague curve or a distinct siphonal canal. The aperture is closed off by a thin oval brown operculum that is corneous and paucispiral. The palatal wall of the aperture is somewhat enlarged and often shows a varix.
The taenioglossan radula has seven teeth in each row. The single rachidian tooth is flanked on each side by one rhomboidal lateral tooth and two long, hook-like marginal teeth.

Subfamilies

The following three subfamilies have been recognized in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi :
Bandel used different classification: Bittiinae on its own family level named Diastomatidae.
Some authors classify Argyropezinae Bandel, 2006 as a synonym of Bittiinae.

Genera

Genera within the family Cerithiidae include:
;Alabininae Dall, 1927
;Bittiinae Cossmann, 1906
Bandel recognized a family Bittiidae Cossmann, 1906 with five subfamilies Bittiinae Cossmann, 1906, Finellinae Thiele, 1931, Alabininae Dall, 1927, Dialinae Kay, 1979 and Diastomatinae Cossmann, 1894.
This contradicts Ponder who grouped Finella with Scaliola A. Adams, 1860 in a separate family Scaliolidae Jousseaume, 1912 . It also contradicts Houbrick who holds the Bittiinae as a subfamily of the Cerithiidae.
It seems premature to reflect this scheme, which upsets current usage, in the WoRMS classification until shell characters are cross-checked with at least another independent set of characters.
;Cerithiinae Fleming, 1822
subfamily ?
;Genera brought into synonymy: